Conceptual approaches to the formation of labour force professional mobility

In the modern world professional mobility has become one of the most important characteristics of people for their successful realization, and for the society to increase the competitive ability of production. Mobility, as a social-economic category, is characterized by relationships according to the quality of labour force, the possibility to migration both inside and outside the enterprise or branch of industry, ability to the alteration of labour types, to the change of functions in production of material and non-material benefits. Its declaration takes place in the labour market. It is necessary to distinguish between virtual mobility, connected with the migration of a worker from one qualification step onto another; horizontal mobility, that is, the migration determined by the place of labour exertion, but connected with the previous qualification level; regional mobility, that is, the migration of employable population in different regions. Some contradictory tendencies influence the formation and development of labour force professional mobility. The first tendency is the regression of mechanism for labour force mobility motivation which is completely controlled and determined by the plan control system. The second tendency is connected with the development of relationships in the postindustrial economic system under the influence of exogenous factors of the global system. The employer is now interested only in those abilities of a worker which are dynamic and provide profit making. The third tendency is caused by the development of postindustrial system elements, in which material production is rapidly replaced by service trades. Mechanism of professional mobility motivation is connected with the strategy of government regulation over the sphere of economically active population formation and development. Professional mobility motivation has, on the one hand, a market character and, on the other hand, institutional one, in the sphere of generating and organizing the work of institutions of professional education. Material stimulation of professional mobility can be achieved in different ways, by subsidies and grants in terms of benefits for professional training at the state's expense; transfers of private individuals by sponsors; borrowing (student loans) from state and private corporations; preparing by corporations of necessary work resources in accordance with the development forecasts of specialized production.

Keywords

Authors

References