Rare plants of the forest flora of Kuznetsk Alatau in need of protection

Kuznetsk Alatau is situated in the Republic of Khakassia and Kemerovo Region, the most densely populated areas in Siberia. This creates a problem of preservation of soil cover as whole and all populations of useful plants. The identification of species, which are in need of protection, is necessary and important step in organisation of their preservation. In the forest flora of Kuznetsk Alatau there are 40 species, which need protection. They are classified as: 1) the rare species that are disposed on the boundary of the region, 2) relicts, 3) endemics, 4) intensively used raw species. The problem of conservation of the listed species groups must be solved separately for each of these groups. The Red Book endangered species are protected by the State or by the Region by law. But conservation of rare species, relicts and endemics is almost not carried out. They are protected only in the territory of nature reserves and protected areas. Kuznetsk Alatau territory has only one preserve -''Kuznetsk Alatau'', which occupies the west macroslope of Kemerovo Region. The wild raw species should be considered as a special group of protected plants. The problem of conservation of valuable raw plants remains topical today. Protection of these species should be carried out in the course of their rational exploitation. For this botanists must regulate: 1) the regions of procurement, 2) the volume of yearly collection, 3) the frequency of raw materials collection, 4) the dates of collection, 5) the methods of collection. Scientific fundamentals of rational using of official medicinal plants for the forest flora of Kuznetsk Alatau were developed. The rare plants of the forest flora of Kuznetsk Alatau are the object of our research. We use the following procedure for selecting the field of material - a regular method of laying a network of dominant sites and a system of conducted routes. All this allows to assess the richness of the region's forest flora. On the basis of geobotanical descriptions we learned the location and abundance of most part of the species of the forest flora of Kuznetsk Alatau. The listed indices are basic for studying the ecology of the species and their resource. On the basic of expedition researches realized during 30 years (1975-2005) the employees of the Laboratory of Flora and Plant Resources, Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, recommended the list of species of the forest flora of Kuznetsk Alatau, in need of protection. This list included 40 species. Each species was located territorially in Kuznetsk Alatau by geobotanical regions and climatically by zones. Relict species and endemics were reduced. The first step towards their preservation consists in drawing up the list of species, which need protection. The important point in this work is the identification of places of their vegetation. Dr. N.A. Nekratova recommended to produce a protected area on the eastern slope of Kuznetsk Alatau in the status of ''reserve'' near the village Efremkino (Republic of Khakassia), since most of the uncommon and endangered species grow in this territory. The creation of such areas will promote the protection of valuable useful plant populations.

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