Taxation structure of forest stands from undergrowth.

One of the most acute problems of forestry throughout the history of mankind was reforestation. Today the question of planet deforestation acquired global significance. Each year, around 7-8 million hectares of forested area disappears. This area is equivalent to such European country as the Czech Republic. However, only 10% of the cuttings are planted forest plantations. Here we should remember the tragic experience of the European forestry growing monocultures which die before reaching the age of maturity. The rest area is left for natural regeneration. In general, there is a practice of overgrowth with deciduous species, thus forming secondary phytocenosis. However, Russian forestry has a half-century experience of conservation undercanopy regeneration. This ensures shortening of ripening time forest stands, preventing a change of stocks and recharge period. In this connection, we conducted a study of the structure plantings formed on the clear cutting of the southern taiga in Tomsk region. In these cuttings measures to hold natural regeneration of forest exploitation in the form of conserving preliminary generation of commercially valuable species. The age of logging is 35-50 years. There was incorporated 21 trial areas in 5 major types of forest: smallgrassy-mossy, mossy, grassy-swampy, ferny and grassy. It was revealed that the composition of formed plantations include all forest formers of taiga. But coniferous species (spruce, fir and cedar) and deciduous (birch and aspen) are dominant. Light coniferous species (pine and larch) occur as impurities. An increasing share of coniferous stocks of mossy forest.s types compared to the grassy is noticed. In any case, the share of conifers is 50-80%. It is noted that plantations formed from small undergrowth are in middle age, formed from medium and large undergrowth - premature. Completeness of forest stands from undergrowth is also determined by the typological affiliation: mossy forest.s types in the form of high completeness plantings, and grass - middle completeness. Despite this, the productivity of the latter is 15% higher than of the former on average. In general, plantations, formed from conserved undergrowth are quite productive: the average weighted margin is equal to 194 m3/ha, which is higher than the average margin of formation (156 m3/ha).

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