Microbiological factors controllingcarbon cycle in thermokarst water bodies of Western Siberia
Results of French-Russian collaborative research that have being conducted since2008 in different regions of Western Siberia are presented. We have identified newfeatures of biogeochemical cycle of carbon transformation in the system of tundralakes and bogs which allow better prediction of the development of the Arctic region.It has been established that the transformation of organic carbon of soil (peat) intocarbon dioxide is most efficient in aqueous solution. In this regard, the main factorsof CO2 evasion to the atmosphere in Western Siberia will be so-called thermokarstlakes that are formed during natural processes of frozen bogs thawing. Given veryhigh coverage of the subarctic zone of Western Siberia by thermokarst lakes (up to80%), the flux of CO2 to the atmosphere from the surface of these lakes is almost anorder of magnitude higher than the total transport of dissolved organic carbon by allSiberian rivers to the Arctic ocean. There is a significant increase in dissolved CO2 andmethane (CH4) concentration with decreasing water body surface area, with the largestsupersaturation with respect to atmospheric CO2 and CH4 in small (< 100 m2) permafrostdepressions filled with thaw water. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), conductivity, andmetal concentrations also progressively increase from large lakes to thaw ponds anddepressions. As such, small water bodies with surface areas of 1-100 m2 that are notaccounted for in the existing lake and pond databases may significantly contribute toCO2 and CH4 fluxes to the atmosphere, as well as to the stocks of dissolved metals andorganic carbon. An unexpected result is the establishment of dominant role in CO2 andCH4 emission to the atmosphere of very small lakes and permafrost depressions lessthan 100 m2 surface area (< 0.01 ha). These water bodies, almost non-identified fromthe space and non-documented on topographic maps, contribute significantly to thetotal area coverage by water and in total evasion of greenhouse gases from the landsurface to the atmosphere. As a consequence, upon future permafrost thaw, the increasein the number of small water bodies, accompanied by the drainage of large thermokarstlakes to the hydrological network, will likely favor i) the increase of DOC and colloidalmetal stocks in surface aquatic systems, and ii) the enhancement of CO2 and CH4 fluxesfrom the water surface to the atmosphere. According to a conservative estimation thatconsiders that the total area occupied by water bodies in Western Siberia will notchange, this increase in stocks and fluxes could be as high as a factor of ten.
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Keywords
эмиссия, таяние вечной мерзлоты, биогеохимический цикл углерода, термокарстовые озера, heterotrophic bacterioplankton, permafrost, CO2, biogeochemistry, thermokarst lakes, микробиологическая деструкция органического веществаAuthors
| Name | Organization | |
| Pokrovsky Oleg S. | Institute of Ecological Problems of the North, Russian Academy of Science, Arkhangelsk; Géoscience Environnement Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, CNRS-IRD-OMP, Toulouse, France | oleg@get.obs-mip.fr |
| Shirokova Liudmila S. | Institute of Ecological Problems of the North, RussianAcademy of Science, Arkhangelsk | LShirocova@yandex.ru |
| Kirpotin Sergey N. | National Research Tomsk State University | kirp@ums.tsu.ru |
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Microbiological factors controllingcarbon cycle in thermokarst water bodies of Western Siberia | Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Biologiya - Tomsk State University Journal of Biology. 2012. № 3 (19).
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