Patterns of phytoecdysteroids distribution in the plants of the section Otites Otth genus Silene L.: chemotaxonomic approach

Species of the genus Silene L. (Caryophyllaceae) contain a big quantity of biologically active substances such as phenylpropanoids, triterpene saponins and phytoecdysteroids. Many Silene species have successfully adapted to different climatic conditions while maintaining the ability to biosynthesis of biologically active substances. But classification of the genus is an enough challenging task for today. To resolve problems of systematization, authors recommend applying not only ecology-geographical and anatomy-morphological criteria, but also a complex biochemical approach. The purpose of this work is chemotaxonomic studying of some species of sections Otites Otth of genus Silene and their composition of ecdysteroids. We conducted a chemotaxonomic study of some species of the genus Silene and compared different systematics of Otites Otth section described in national and international literature. It is shown that there is currently no single view of classification of species, both in individual sections and in genus. We considered the tendency of section Otites separation in the genus Otites Adans and isolated and studied the phytoecdysteroids Silene colpophylla Wrigley, Silene sendtneri Boiss. and Silene roemeri Friv. The given results testify a similar composition of major components of the sum of ecdysteroids - Silene otites Wibel., S. pseudotites Besser. ex Reichenb., S. colpophylla, S. sendtneri и S. roemeri. These species are introduced into Siberian Botanical Garden of Tomsk State University. Plants of all specified species go through the whole vegetative cycle and reach the generative stage on the second year of life. At the end of the second year, viable seeds are formed. Flowering begins in the second half of June - the beginning of July and comes to an end in the beginning of August. We analyzed the ecdysteroid profile of S. colpophylla by HPLC and HPLC/MS methods. It is revealed that the given species synthesizes 14 ecdysteroids. Six ecdysteroids of the species were identified: 20-hydroxyecdysone, polypodine B, ecdysone, 2-deoxy-20-hydroxyecdysone, 2-deoxyecdysone and integristerone A. We detected the basic patterns of ecdysteroids distribution characteristic of some species (S. sendtneri, S. roemeri, S. etitis, S. pseudotites, S. colpophylla) of the section and analyzed the occurrence of different 26-oxyderivative ecdysteroids in some species of the genus Silene. The possibility of using ecdysteroids as chemotaxonomic markers was shown for section Otites.

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