Cloacal anatomy of the Siberian salamanders, Salamandrella (Amphibia: Caudata, Hynobiidae)
In salamanders, anatomy of the cloacae is varying among families and inside of them. Futures of this organ and the cloacal glands are interesting for understanding of the levels of differentiation between close species of amphibians, because these structures perform some functions which important for reproduction. We studied the male and female anatomy of cloacae in two cryptic species Sala-mandrella keyserlingii and S. tridactyla via histological analyses and methods of digital 3D-recontstruction. F or histological study, we used whole cloacal samples fixed in 10% formalin, dehydrated them in graded series of ethanol solutions (70%, 96%, and absolute ethanol), clarified in butanol, and embedded in paraffin for histology. We cut paraffined organ’s samples (10 m sections) via rotary microtome. We used Mayer’s hae-matoxylin-eosin, Masson-Goldner’s trichrome, and modified azan for observation general histology, PAS-staining for detection of carbohydrates (PAS), alcian blue (AB) pH = 2,5 for visualization of mucopolysaccharides, and Coomassie blue (CB) for protein detection. We made 3D-reconstuction via software Free-d, using serial photos of cloacal sections. We found that these species have the same structure of the cloacae and only the ventral glands secreting neutral glycoproteins, because secretion had PAS+, AB-, and CB+ reactions. There were a slight variability of form of the cloacal chamber and cloacal gland topography dependent on sex or species (See Figs. 1-6), but this variation is not important from the point of view of function. These features of the male and female cloacal structure and histochemistry of cloacal glands in species of the genus Salaman-drella bring them closer to other members of the family Hynobiidae, with the exception of the genus Onychodactylus, whose males have three types of cloacal glands. This is consistent with modern views on the phylogenetic relationships of hynobiids. The article contains 6 Figures, 26 References. The Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Keywords
salamanders,
exocrine glands,
reproduction,
sexual pheromonesAuthors
| Yartsev Vadim V. | Tomsk State University; Siberian State Medical University | vadim_yartsev@mail.ru |
| Evseeva Sofiya S. | Tomsk State University | sofiaewseewa@gmail.com |
Всего: 2
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