Peculiarities of adaptive-adaptive reactions of laboratory animals to multicomponent stress in the winter period of the year

The life activity of modern man is continuously associated with increased mental and physical stress, which determines the interest in the search for factors limiting the development of stress reactions. Despite the rather extensive research on the study of ways to improve the level of performance and quality of human life in modern conditions, most of them do not take into account the chronobiological basis of living systems. In this regard the purpose of this study was to investigate the adaptive-compensatory reactions of experimental animals in the winter period of the year in response to the sequential effect of circadian desynchronosis and chronic physical load. The study was conducted on laboratory animals of the Wistar line (N = 80) during the winter solstice. Light desynchronosis was modeled by deprivation of light or darkness for 10 days, swimming test was used as physical activity until complete fatigue. Balneological procedures of post-stressor recovery were water and antler baths. Functional resistance of the organism in relation to stress factors was evaluated by the level of the main hormone of the stress-realizing system - corticosterone and enzymes of the main metabolic pathways - aspartateaminotransferase (AST), alanineaminotransferase (ALT) and cardiac isoform of creatine phosphokinase (CK-MB). According to the results of the study, stress with exercise provoked a 3.5-fold increase in corticosterone in the blood serum of laboratory animals compared to the intact group (See Table). Simultaneously, functional dysregulation of energy metabolism was observed, as evidenced by a significant (P0 < 0.05) increase in the level of aminotransferases ALT, AST and cardiac fraction of CK-MB. Light deprivation in winter promotes the formation of cross-adaptation in animals, stabilizing the organism at hormonal and metabolic levels in response to the action of physical activity. At the same time, darkness deprivation disrupts the processes of energy metabolism, significantly reducing ALT activity and increasing the level of cardiac fraction of CK-MB. Restorative measures by means of water baths limited the stress-response at the level of adrenal glands, but had no effect on the studied enzymes. Immersion of animals in antler baths in conditions of dark deprivation increased functional load on adaptation mechanisms of an organism and provoked exhaustion of stress-realizing system, not changing thus activity of studied enzymes, and in conditions of light deprivation antler baths limited exhausting action of stress of physical load at the level of adrenals, restoring functioning of an organism after action of stress-factors. Thus, taking into account all of the above, it is obvious that the obtained results indicate the importance of taking into account the chronobiology of physiological processes of the organism in the development and implementation of preventive and health-improvement-rehabilitation measures in order to increase their effectiveness. The article contains 1 Table, 25 References. The Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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