Influence of sodium selenite on growth and development of wheat plants depends on the method of processing

Selenium is considered an essential trace element for humans and animals because ofits nutritional and clinical value, including its special relevance in cancer prevention,and thus selenium is at present used in biofortification programmes. However, possibleeffects of selenium application on plant growth and development are still not clear. Nowscientists study the agriculture technologies increasing assimilation of selenium by plantsand regulating their vital activity. It is especially important for food cultures. In the experimentwe studied the influence of selenium on the growth and development of plantsTriticum aestivum L. Novosibirskaya-15 variety depending on the method of processingby trace element. During field researches we cultivated wheat plants test plot method onsod-podzolic soil in the Tomsk range. We applied three methods of processing by solution of sodium selenite: processing of seeds, processing of plants in the 3 leave phaseand double processing (seeds and plants). To control we used the plants untreated by selenium.We estimated a growing energy of sprouts, linear and quantitative growth parametersand accumulation of a biomass. The content of photosynthetic pigments and reducingSaccharums were determined by the spectrophotometry method.Presowing treatment of seeds by solution of sodium selenite conduced to more earlyshoots in the experiment in comparison with control. Photosynthetic intensity substantiallydetermines productional process of plants. First of all it is the formation of themost photosynthetic apparatus (the area of leaves and the content of photosynthetic pigments),secondly - the productivity of the photosynthesis (dry weight, level of carbohydrates).Accumulation of biomass occured due to the substances synthesized during anelongation and increase in the quantity of tillering shoots and their storeys. Experimentsshowed, that selenite-ion influenced on leaf and stem expansion and on chlorophyll acontent. Our researches have shown, that the content of photosynthetic pigments inleaves of trial plants depend on a method of processing plants selenite of sodium. Theprocessing of leaf and double processing increased the content of carotenoids and processingof seeds - the content of reducing sugars in the uppermost leaf. Selenium accelerateddevelopment of wheat plants and raised their dry weight. We recommended processingseeds by solution of sodium selenite for increase in wheat plants Novosibirskaya-15variety productivity.

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