Organic matter formation processes research in lands damaged after mining operation

Organic matter, first of all humic acids serve different function, that first of all regulate resistant functioning of soils and biosphere ecosystems. When making biological recultivation of anthropogenic soils, it is necessary to know the features of transformation of soil organic matter, that emerge in specific soil and lithological conditions. In this paper the results of background and anthropogenic soils of Kuzbass's organic matter research are presented.Zonal chernozems of Kuznetsk Basin,s forest-steppe zone differ not only by higher humus content, but also by content of labile organic matter,s carbon. These features allowed to attribute these soils to potentially rich rocks. Soil-building process, that progress at the overburden monton is characterized by great space variability according to different indicators of chemical state of soils. First of all, this process is characterized by carbon. This is explained by different contents of over burdens, complication of macro- and microrelief and the manner of revegetation. It was revealed, that the content of total carbon and labile carbon of organic matter in initial embriozeme is determined by lithogenical rock's features composing coal dump of anthropogenic landscape. It was ascertained in the condition of the Kuznetsk kettle's forest-steppe zone, when the age of embriozeme increases, the contents of total carbon, labile carbon of organic matter and carbon of humic acids increases as well. The research of humic acid's optical properties showed that in the course of evolutionof anthropogenic soil from initial embriozeme to sod the extent of generating increases due to accumulation and transformation of vegetable staff.In the result of the research the alteration regularities of different age embriozems enzyme activities were established. The increase in enzyme,s activity from initial embriozeme to turfu embriozeme and accumulation of organic carbon and carbon of labile organic matter were distinctly traced. Thus, while the age of embriozemes is increasing, its biological activity is distinctly traced, that is soils damaged after mining operation tend to self-repair. The nature of organic matter transformation and the intensity of humus-accumulative processes, even on the last stage of anthropogenic soil development is different from such zonal soils. Though turfy embriozemes become closer to background soils, according to the contents of some ferments and labile carbon. The results of researching the dynamics of accumulation and transformation of organic matter in the examined soils can be used as a factor of efficiency for recultivating anthropogenic-disturbing soils.

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