Chemical and ecological estimation of water currents condition accordingto the results of the analysis of microcells content in hydrobionts

The basic anthropogenous pollutants of water environment are metals (Mn, Ni, Cr,Zn, As, Fe, Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Al, Mg and their salts), many of which are highly toxic forlive organisms even in a rather low concentration. Metals can not be subject to furtherdecomposition and are only redistributed between biotic and аbiotic componentscooperating with various categories of live organisms and migrating on the generalchain of circulation of substances in a reservoir. Since toxic influence of metals beginsafter their penetration in an organism, one of toxic influence indicators can be amicroelement structure of tissues.The research objective was to estimate the content of microcells (Cu, Zn, Mg,Al, Fe, Cd, Pb, Mn) in the fish from the Chovju river, the Pechora river and the BigShajtanovka river of the Komi Republic for monitoring the state of the environment.The research included the following tasks: 1) to define the content of microcells (Cu,Zn, Mg, Al, Fe, Cd, Pb, Mn) in the minnow of the Chovju river, the Pechora river andthe Big Shajtanovka river; 2) to reveal correlation dependences between accumulationof separate microcells in the minnow from the specified water currents; 3) to comparethe content of metals in muscles of the fish from the B.Shajtanovka river and the Chovjuriver; 4) to investigate the content and to define laws of accumulation of microcells in theminnow and the grayling from the Big Shajtanovka river and their intestinal parasites.In the presented work the results of the estimation of the state of the environment inthe Republic of Komi by means of defining microcells (Cu, Zn, Mg, Al, Fe, Cd, Pb, Mn)in the fish from the Pechora river, the Chovju river and the B. Shajtanovka river aregiven. Owing to the conducted experiments, it is established that the most ecologicallysafe waterway is the B. Shajtanovka rouble, whose fish only contain Cu, Zn and Mg(only Mg being in the muscles). Also it is shown that the greatest concentration ofcopper and zinc is found in the minnow from the Pechora river, around the village ofJaksha; in the minnow of the Chovju river and the Pechora river (around the mouthof the river of Garevka) cadmium was found whose presence is caused by both naturaland anthropogenous factors. Between accumulation of microcells in the fish from thePechora river around the mouth of the Garevka river and from the site of the waterwayaround the village of Jakshi there is no obvious correlation dependence (k=0,93).The research of the content of microcells in the minnow and the grayling from the BigShajtanovka river and their parasites has shown that intestinal parasites of fish areconcentrators of microcells in the organisms of the grayling and the minnow.

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