“Comments” on Dioscoride by Pietro Andrea Matthioli as a sample of early scientific publications of the XVI century
The article analyzes three editions of the book “Comments on Dioscorides” by the famous Italian physician and botanist of the Renaissance Pietro Andrea Matthioli (1500 1577). Detailed characteristics of each of the publications are given in terms of content, illustrative material and individual features of copies stored in the collections of the Library for Natural Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The book was translated into many European languages and was one of the most widespread books on plants of the late 16th- 17th centuries. Editions in Latin (1558) and French (1572) are the lifetime editions of the author, they were printed by well-known publishers of their time, V. Valgrisi and G. Roville. In addition to numerous descriptions of plants, the books contain information about animals and minerals. They are provided with plant indexes as well as detailed drug indexes systematically organized according to areas of the human body. The books contain numerous illustrations made in the technique of wood engraving. The German-language edition of Mattioli, edited by J. Camerarius, appeared after the death of the author in 1586. It has a title page by Jost Ammann, the copy is hand-colored. The publications are of interest from the point of view of the book culture of early printed editions, their origin and history of existence. They are examples of early scientific publications, in which the author refers to ancient sources, but also refers to the works of his contemporaries. On its pages, the author enters into polemics with colleagues, including criticizing and responding to his opponents. Images of plants reflect the author's approach to creating botanical illustrations. On the example of several editions of one work of the author, the evolution of his scientific views, as well as the recognition of his work by the next generation, can be traced. In addition, the books provide information on the most important medical needs in Europe in the 16th century, and can also serve as a valuable source of information for researchers in plant evolution, ecology, ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology. The authors declares no conflicts of interests.
Keywords
Pietro Andrea Mattioli,
botany,
book culture,
illustration,
engraving,
scientific editionAuthors
| Evdokimenkova Yulia B. | Natural Sciences Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences | u_ksenoff@mail.ru |
| Tkacheva Ekaterina V. | Shenzhen MSU-BIT University; Lomonosov Moscow State University | gbsad_lib@mail.ru |
Всего: 2
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