The term «heritage» in the system of scientific views of representatives of new Museology

In this article, the author raises a number of important issues related to the interpretation of the concept features "heritage" in the system of scientific views of representatives of new museology. Emphasis is placed on understanding the heritage features in relation to one of the new types of museums - ecomu-seums, which appeared in France at the turn of 1960-1970 -ies and continue to spread in different regions of the world. Analyzes the works of such supporters of the new museology as M.Bellaigue, A. Desvallees, J. Davallon, M. Maure, including founders ecomuseology G.-A.Riviere and H. de Varine. Emphasizes the significant expansion of ideas about objects musealisation, including landscapes. It is noted that a characteristic feature of these museums it a combination of classic collections with a living heritage, which has been studied, but continues to be the basis of their everyday life carriers. Such an understanding of heritage leads to the special accentuation on the intangible components such as collective memory, traditional skills, abilities, holidays, dialects. Repeatedly stresses that Ecomuseum collections of objects of natural history, art, science or technical masterpieces should be seen in their natural and cultural environment as a organic whole. Among the issues raised by one of the most important is the awareness of the social mission of modern museums. In this regard, in many studies analyzed in this article, it is argued that in our time to the fore was placed a question not of protection or conservation, but management of heritage. In particular, it focuses on the statement Ph. Mairot, which claiming that ecomuseum " acts as an actuating mechanism, but not only as a repository". Summing up, the author concludes that the interpretation of the concept heritage by advocates new museology suggests limitless expansion of look at what exactly from phenomena and events may be subject to heritage as well as about the relationship of these ideas with principles community, for which these phenomena and events is part of its the heritage.

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