The problem of the absolute in contemporary culture: a view Jose Ortega y Gasset

The article considers the interpretation problems of the absolute outstanding Spanish philosopher and writer Jose Ortega-I-Gasset. The author comes to the conclusion that the presentation of the philosopher about the Absolute cannot be attributed to any of its fundamental interpretations and demonstrates a new era in the development of culture. Some installations Ortega y Gasset anticipate the spread very influential today, post-modern strategies in philosophy. Recognizing the importance of cultural traditions in General, philosopher, however, is reviewing a number of fundamental provisions of philosophy of New time: imagine the world and man in a symbiotic relationship restricts the use rational methods of cognition, criticizes traditional ontological concepts of existence, creates its own terminology. In his interpretation of the absolute it is based on the main provisions of the doctrine of F. Nietzsche and on the view of the existentialists about the uniqueness and originality of each individual. Ortega y Gasset asserts the primacy pre forces of consciousness or "beliefs" and gives preference to the truths of reason or «ideas». «Beliefs», according to philosopher, constitute the true essence of human life and are a direct manifestation of the absolute. «Beliefs» Ortega y Gasset classifies, and faith in reason, but not in his «ideas», in which reveals the paradoxical position of the philosopher. Ortega y Gasset clearly underestimates the role of the mind, declaring him only a tool, which sometimes turns imagination, and in any intellectual constructions unreasonably sees only a product of imagination. And own philosophical construct Ortega y Gasset announces one of many possible versions of explanation of reality, thus becoming the soil ontological pluralism. The significance of his teaching about the Absolute Ortega y Gasset links with goals that have received in it an excuse. Critical life setting for each person is their own individuality. Philosopher mixes concepts of moral and aesthetic, becoming on the position of moral relativism. As a vital installations Ortega y Gasset calls for careful attitude to nature, culture, each individual, because all this is the essence of the manifestations of a single perfect inexhaustible nature. Thus, in the doctrine Ortega y Gasset about the Absolute got a vivid embodiment of the spirit of our crucial period with its ambiguous and paradoxical nature, fragile established traditions, loss of confidence in the mind, authorities, institutions of power and the search for new ideals and values.

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