Museums are reference points of the cultural landscape: the example of Tomsk region

A cultural landscape now is consideredas an universal model of cultural heritage conservation and is a specific category of cultural heritage objects. For a long time the problem of preservation and research the cultural and natural heritage is considered narrowly focused and not systemically, only individual elements were conserved and updated. In this paper, a cultural landscape is understood as a sociocultural space, developing according to external and internal factors, which are opposite each others. The investigation has revealed 7 independent cultural areas. They can be examples of territorial integrity, developing according to conflicting external and internal factors and having historical, cultural and natural components. These areas are situated in various regions: Parabel, Verhneketsky, Asino, Tomsk, Kozhevnikovsky and Chainsky District, and Tomsk. These areas include a whole range of museums, formed in Soviet and modern periods. Many of them are the centers of tourist attraction for both domestic and foreign tourists (the historical-ethnographic complex in Narym, Ob-Yenisei Channel, Kulayskaya gora, Selkup village "Chvorol-Ed," etc.). Museums were determined as the key element of the formation and development of the Tomsk region cultural landscape. Moreover, they can be fully considered as the reference points of the region cultural space, so they are the centers of spiritual culture, education, and - nowadays - tourism. Thus, the cultural landscape is seen as the result of layering development of its territory, carried out at different times, various communities - the representatives of different values and semantic cultural codes. Fixation of this process takes place in museums, which contributes to their formation as reference points of the cultural landscape. Comprehensive study of Tomsk region museum life can contribute not only to study the features of the region cultural landscape, but also a deeper understanding of certain historical processes and contemporary sociocultural situation.

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