Institute of museum type in the Altai region: diversity and experience of forms

In the documents of the international level the concept of "Institute of Museum type" is not found, but there is a tendency to expand the concept of "museum" in the documents of the International Council of Museums. In theory and practice of the Russian museology applied two concepts - "museum" and "Institute of Museum type". The latter are characterized by the fact that only part of the functions performed classical museum. The article deals with the institution of the museum type, functioning on the territory of the Altai Territory, fixed variety of forms such formations, the historical experience of development and specific activities of such institutions in the region. The historical aspect of the occurrence of certain museum institutions that preserve the natural properties. Museums that are based on the exposure of natural objects, have their medieval roots. Many botanical gardens have grown from pharmaceutical gardens. In the second half of the XVIII century apothecary gardens appear in the Siberian city of Tobolsk, Irkutsk, Nerchinsk. Garden herbs originated in Barnaul. Modern zoos are also evolved from the so-called zoos, which began to emerge from the XVII century. in Europe and in Russia. The article presents the characteristics of institutions preserving and displaying the natural (Barnaul zoo, South-Siberian Botanical Garden, Arboretum NIISS them. Lisavenko MA) and cultural (Museum "Mountain Pharmacy") heritage. The building has a small pharmacy Mining modern pharmacy. Separately disclosed the specifics of the theme parks (the park "Legend"). Parks are focused on the development of cognitive interest of visitors and constructed mainly of reproduction heritage and reconstruction. Brand in the region are characterized by a museum (Museum of the goose, the Museum of the wedding), museums, famous in the region. Museum goose, for example, brought together more than 5,000 exhibits from around the world, including books, posters, stamps, coins, pottery depicting geese and bird figurines and other items. A particular focus in the transformation of the modern museum world is the emergence of children's educational museums. Such museums involve active cognitive and creative activity of its visitors -children. They began to appear in the United States at the turn of XIX XX centuries. and now common in many countries. Problems and ways of children's museums have been updated in the journal "Museum" in 2014 (№1), his theme was formulated as follows: "Children's Museums". These museum institutions, known in the Altai Territory (Barnaul planetarium Pedagogical Museum of dolls, interactive museum "World mechanisms", the Museum of entertaining science "How so?") Are characterized in this article. For example, the main principle of the museum "World of art" all the exhibits can and should be set in motion! At the end of the publication concludes: there is a certain type of museum institutions, they differ from classical museums and for the development of cultural tourism.

Keywords

Authors

References