Intangible cultural heritage presented in educational programes of National Museum of History in Sofia

Studying of cultural heritage begins at the level of primary education. The educational programs developed by the National Historical Museum (NHM) in Sofia within the Cult Rural project can be an example. By means of carrying out creative workshops, seminars, conversations, exhibitions the problem to acquaint children with the holidays, customs and beliefs reflected in a religious calendar of Bulgaria is solved. The interlacing of traditions of Christian religion and pre-Christian customs is shown in these programs adapted for perception level by children's audience. To protect the Bulgarian calendar ceremonies as part of non-material culture, it has to pass from one generation to another. This important task, along with a family and school, also the museum which is not only part of cultural life, but also the integral link of alternative education can successfully solve. NHM programs are intended for training of children in the atmosphere other than the school or family environment. Children study folklore in which different forms of creativity - music, songs, dances, stories, art - are presented. Presentation of information through game is practiced widely. This method of training induces the child to sincerity and spontaneity. The educational programs have the purpose to develop talents of children; strengthening of a personal and national self-assessment. Problems of the project are solved by team of muzeologists, ethnologists, artists, restorers, national masters, specialists in folklore, teachers. So, the «Workshop the Survakarski masks» was organized. The masks made by children were used during a festival in the village Kovachevtsi, and then - at the International festival «Surva 08». Work of workshops «Esenna sedyanka», «Eniovden», «Fertility symbols» and others, and also reconstruction of ancient holidays and rituals (Ivanov day, Peperuda, Herman) had success. By means of such forms of education children learn about ceremonies, rituals and beliefs to which their ancestors adhered that substantially promotes preservation of non-material culture of the people.

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