Pioneers as a sociocultural phenomenon in the Tuvan society (from the funds of the National museum of the Republic of Tuva)

The photographic and the rarity heritage of the first director of the Nationa1 Museum of the Re-pub1ic of Tuva (NMRT) V1adimir Petrovich Ermo1aev (1892-1982) provides a unique opportunity to see not on1y the historica1 events of Tuva in the first ha1f of the XX c., but a1so various aspects of the Tuvans 1ife. Current1y, there are more than 4 thousand items in the co11ection of negatives made by V.P. Ermo1aev; it is "The go1den fund" of the museum. In 1921, the sovereign state of The Tuvan Peo-p1e's Repub1ic (TNR) was created in Uryankhai region. Since that time, there appeared the new micro-factors of socia1ization - the professiona1 unions, youth's, women's and chi1dren's movement. They were identica1 to The Soviet organizations and bui1d their activities in their samp1e, taking into account the nomadic nationa1 co1or. The Pioneer activity as a sociocu1tura1 phenomenon was direct1y re1ated to the dynamics of the socia1ist cu1ture and to the change in the traditiona1 systems of va1ues in interper-sona1 re1ations in the Tuvan society. The first pioneer units in Tuva began to emerge in the schoo1s of the Russian se1f-governing 1abor co1ony (hereinafter RSTK) since 1923. Since 1925, there appeared simi1ar groups, where the nomadic herdsmen's chi1dren were invo1ved in. The interpretation of the pub1ic chi1dren's movement can be researched on the basis of the thirty-six photo-negatives, as the truthfu1 evidences of the events happening in the young sovereign state.

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