The policy of the countries of the old world in the field of culture: a dialogue with the European Union (for example small European countries)

The article is devoted to study the specificity of national cultural policies in a number of the small European countries. In the context of the methodology of comparative analysis of the features of its formation in different regions of the EU and the baseline vector evolution in the direction from centralization to decentralization through the hybrid intermediate stage. Special attention is paid to parameters of changes in the cultural policies of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe over the past decades. It is shown that the dialogue with the EU in the sphere of culture is largely determined by financial parameters. Culture is one of the most sensitive areas of state sovereignty and autonomy in conducting domestic and foreign policy of any country. That is why the processes of implementing the national cultural policy to various European countries must now be regarded as low in relationship three different dimensions: the national, the supranational level of EU membership and, finally, the dialogue between national and supranational. Additionally, at the level of small EU countries to the marked changes added a fourth dimension relating to cultural dialogue with the largest countries-leaders of this Association. Finally, an important factor in the process of turning to the subject of the analysis is the fact that the small countries of Europe objectively given much less research attention than large ones. And the phenomenon of national cultural policy is no exception. As for the main directions of cultural policy of the European States, despite the fact that the vector of these changes points in the direction of decentralization, until the management culture is largely focused on the participation of the state. Decentralization is closely linked to the conduct of identity politics involves the interaction of national and regional cultural policies, with priority to the latter. Liberal model of cultural policy based on market and private initiatives and the key role of cultural industries today, and is is under development. In general, the cultural policy model of the smaller European countries can now be described as a hybrid. It brings together public-administrative approach in which the state develops the concept of artistic and cultural development and funding the development of cultural and artistic production, with the decentralized approach, involving cooperation between state and regional cultural policies, with the dominance of the latter, as well as liberal approach, based on market and private initiatives in the field of culture, when the role of the cultural industries. Despite this hybridity, the transition from centralization to the institutionalization and financial decentralization in the cultural field course has taken place.

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