To the problem of searching for a universal risk measurement in the culture of a society of dangers and catastrophes

In the article, the knowledge society is interpreted as a society of dangers and catastrophes, a society of generated risk in which security has acquired the status of the highest value. The very problem of risk is designated as embodying the paradox of modernity: the dominant resource of a society soaked in science is simultaneously a source of dangers and catastrophes. The article made a hypothetical attempt to find a universal measure of risk in the knowledge society by addressing the potential of a number of approaches. The knowledge society is designated as a society of sustainable development and at the same time as a society of renewable risk. Risk is attributed to the characteristic features of sustainable development. Science is called a means of modern politics, a decisive means of achieving sustainable development. It is shown that the universalization of risk was the basis that made the problem of "risk -safety" a problem of paramount importance. Awareness of the magnitude of risk is interpreted as a preventive function. The situation of risk is designated as related to decision making; The context of the knowledge society, as shown in the article, forms an increase in the decision-making potential. The perception of risk as a solution, the calculation of possible losses associated with uncertainty, the calculation of benefits, limiting the scale of future losses - all this shapes the view of risk as a form of decision-making. The phenomenon of acceptance associated with the situation of acceptance or curing of decisions made by political and social institutions is considered. It is shown that the optimal approach to risk situations will be provided when the nature of the risk, its probabilistic nature, various aspects of the safety of the technologies being developed, will be analyzed at an interdisciplinary level. Risk assessment is interpreted as a multifactor phenomenon, which should take into account the measurement of potential damage, the possibility of risk management through the use of projective scientific potential, safety standards, Risk-Impact Analysis techniques, quantitative parameters of risk comparison, probabilistic risk assessment, expected damage, formal risk standard ("Objective risk"). The thesis on the necessity of using the potential of the method of mathematical modeling and statistical methods in the evaluation actions is grounded; methods of decision theory and the theory of expected damage - these methods determine the possibility of calculating the total and hypothetical probability. The article substantiates the thesis that the limits of risk can be calculated using such approaches as formal-normative, psychological-cognitive, cultural-sociological.

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