Nature and features of inner speech: cultural philosophical aspect

The article reveals the special role of internal speech in the functioning of language. Inner speech is designated as inverted speech, the speech of thinking; the property of inner speech and its potential -to be the place of "thought thinking". The thesis is formulated that through the appeal to inner speech a person hears himself, listens to his silence. Inner speech is interpreted as a special kind of communication: a person, talking to himself, uses the possibility of soundless reasoning. The features and properties inherent in internal speech are analyzed: energy, predicativity, prevalence of meaning over significance, ellipticity. The starting point in the logic of reasoning is Paul Ricreur's thesis: the act of saying is not only an external accomplishment, but also a free combination of yet unconfirmed formulations. Language has a dual focus: on an ideal vision (say something) and on an ideal reference (say about something). These are the thresholds - the limits of the language. The inner word, reflecting thinking, as shown in the article, is the result of our inner discourse. The thesis is formulated that the function of internal speech is autocommunication, which is based on the model of the communicative situation, in which the subject transmits the message to himself. At the same time, the platform of this conclusion is the hypothesis of L.S.Vygotsky on the development of internal speech through functional and structural isolation from external speech. The possibility of a dialogue of internal and external speech is indicated. The author believes that this dialogue is possible and determined only in conditions of high energy of internal speech. The characteristic features of inner speech are considered, namely, predicativity, the predominance of meaning over meaning, the transformation of predicativity in the conversation of thought with oneself, parataxic connections, the reduction of the physical aspect, the montage of inner speech, reference words, the "condensation of semantics", the elliptical sparseness of inner speech. The regularity based on the paradox is connected with the last feature: the greater concentration of inner speech is connected with the greater volume of the missed in it and, at the same time, with a greater hint of it missing: it asks participation in the dialogue, it requires the involvement of the listener in the work of thought, in the element of growing meaning.

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