The philosophical bases for development of cultural ancient heritage in translations by V.A. Zhukovsky

The analysis of the translations of Homer's poems executed by Zhukovsky allows making a contribution in the solution of a task of an explication of the philosophical bases of development of ancient heritage in 19th century Russia. The contents of article include two main directions of research interest that fix two basic meaning of the conducted research. The first meaning is put into explications of linguocultural aspects of a problem of the translation. In this regard, the translations made by Zhu-kovsky are understood as elements of sign systems comparable with other systems based on the accuracy of the executed transferring of the original on the foreign-language soil. In particular, the translations of Vasily Zhukovsky and Nikolay Gnedich can be correlated. The author clears up who possesses a professional priority and whose translation art value has the greatest. The second meaning of a research shows the philosophical nature of the performed work. In this regard, the translations of Zhu-kovsky join in wider context as they implicitly reproduce world outlook system to which Zhukovsky adhered in creativity and life. In the literary attitude, Homer's translations made by Zhukovsky have double value. On the one hand, they bear on themselves lines of non-professionalism. On the other hand, the activity of Zhukovsky has symbolical character because through it for the foreigners who are not living in Russia prospects on specifics of the direction of the translations of classical authors that developed in Russia open. In the philosophical attitude, the translations made by Zhukovsky rely on the philosophical and esthetic, philosophical-pedagogical and social ideas. The attempt to show classical antiquity, on the one hand, as a sample of the "primitive" truth, and, on the other hand, this attempt was realized as a set of conditions for finding of harmony of the relations between ruling and subject. These conditions were obviously impracticable; therefore, there were mismatches in epithets, with which the translator of heroes of the Ancient Greek epos allocated. Development of researches, in this direction, will allow finding additional meanings of the translations of Homer in Russia and motivates reconsideration of some habitual points of view on the relations in literary community in 19^th century Russia.

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