To the history of studying of architectural heritage in Tomsk

For the first time in the Russian museology in article the historiography of architectural heritage is considered. Historiographic sources, that is articles on history of the Russian, including Tomsk architecture XIX - the beginnings of the 21 century are involved in studying. The short review of collected historiographic sources allows to say that it the first who addressed systematization of knowledge of a structure of buildings considered architectural styles, there was the St. Petersburg architect A. Krasovsky. The Soviet architects followed in its footsteps in the subsequent. From 1930 they lit history of those objects of architecture which were given the status of historical and cultural monuments. The author of article highlights that the Tomsk architect Andrey Shilovsky was the first who in 1920 paid attention to background building, expressed opinion that it has cultural potential. He wrote about that, as ordinary structures of last time should be kept and studied as monuments. However A.L. Shilovsky's opinion was for a long time forgotten. In article the contribution of researchers who study buildings of various architectural styles constructed mainly in XIX - the beginning of the XX century and the important sign objects reveals. The Tomsk historians and architects V.G. Zalesov, T.N. Manonina, O.V. Bogdanova, L.S. Romanova and others light biographies of such outstanding architects as Konstantin Lygin, Fortunat Gut, Pyotr Fedorovsky. They highly appreciate their contribution to formation of architectural appearance of Tomsk and, therefore, in creation of the sphere of architectural heritage. It is specified in article that the attention of researchers to city architecture of the middle of the XX century began to be shown only in the 2010. The first works about the buildings built in Sverdlovsk, Nizhny Tagil, Tomsk are published. The architectural style of such buildings received the name of the Soviet neoclassicism. In works not numerous so far historical circumstances of formation of new style are discussed, its features are characterized, the role in change of city shape becomes clear. Due to research interest in architecture of the Soviet neoclassicism the author of this article highlights emergence of the new direction in a problem research. It finds expression in development of methodology of architectural heritage. E.V. Mikhaylovsky supported the ideas of the Tomsk architect A.L. Shilovsky and said that any work of architecture, both the recognized architectural monument, and buildings of mass building, has undoubted cultural value. It keeps in itself the evidence of cultural experience of the previous generations and the cultural heritage represents an object.

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