The concept of "orphanhood" in the life and work of S.A. Yesenin: the philological and cultural analysis

The relevance of the problem. In the works of S.A. Yesenin the theme of childhood is not considered as a priority in modern research. At the same time, within the framework of this phenomenon, the most productive is the philological and cultural analysis of the concept of "orphanhood" (both social and spiritual), which is associated with "vagrancy", which determines the relevance of this research. The novelty of the solution. First, the study of the concept of "orphanhood" in the works of S.A. Yesenin is preceded by the study of the poet's life, in which events related to the phenomenon could take place, directly or indirectly influenced the poet's worldview. The 13 most important positions are singled out. Second, the solution of the problem in the framework of one model of understanding of orphanhood is impossible, which is why the existence of two models, the chronological boundary of which is determined by the revolution of 1917, is proved. Substantial aspect. S.A. Yesenin with great attention, sympathy for orphans, which is reflected in his work. The first model of orphanhood, somewhat romanticized, is shown in the works "Orphan" and "Beggar". It reflects in General the behavior of such disadvantaged children, their attitude to society. Orphanhood before 1917 more or less, sacreligious as foolishness. On the one hand, they sought to help, and on the other, they exploited their work with impunity. In a new, non-native family, they usually did all the dirty work. The second model of orphanhood is reflected in the works of "Cigarettes" and "Homeless Russia". If before the revolution, orphanhood was not of a mass character, it was not an organized community with destructive aspirations, now the situation has changed. But the poet does not turn away from them, he is looking for ways to help them. His work is inseparable from reality: "Homeless Russia" was written after a visit to the collector for street children. However, his own children grew up as orphans.

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