Globalization theory in the context of modern cultural transformation

The paper aims to present two paradigms of theory of globalization: traditional and novel. First paradigm includes globalizations concepts concerned with the investigation of the material aspect of the process of globalization. Within the boundaries of this paradigm various concepts of globalization can be fit into a conceptual frame which includes the following main concept: historical, geopolitical, economic, social, legal, political globalization. Historically, the process of globalization is connected with the evolution of the global world community. This consideration bring to the Global Enlightenment problem, which excel narrow interpretation of the Classical Enlightenment of the 18 C. -mainly inspired by national and historical narratives. Social globalizations concepts investigate various trends of social world evolution: westernization, colonization, modernization, post-modernization, running behind development. In contemporary social theory several basic elements of globalization are indentified: deterritorialization: interconnectedness across existing geographical and political borders: speed of velocity of social activity, evaluation of globalization as a relatively long-term process, understanding of globalization as multi-pronged process. Legal concepts of globalization investigate the prospect of “good society” and “responsible community” formation within the boundaries of the globalization process. Political theorists have been busy addressing the normative implication of globalization. Globalization is discussed in debates between cosmopolitans and communitarians. At whole, first paradigm of the globalization theory is oriented on investigation mainly material aspect of modern globalization process: economical, geopolitical, social, etc. The second paradigm of globalization theory is concerned with investigation of the recent process of cultural development: informatization, digitalization, net culture, virtual culture, additional reality, diversity, multicultural trends of development, hybridity, hybrid geopolitics. Multicultural concepts of globalization, based on the recognition of the world diversity, are popular because of their non-repressive and tolerant forms. Virtual reality becomes dominant phenomena in recent culture, creating the “third nature” -world of virtual phenomena created by synthesis of intelligence and high technologies. This third nature exists side by side with two traditional worlds: nature and culture (the second nature, in terms of F. Schelling). Informatization, digitalization, net structures, virtual and additional reality lead to great changes of existence of human being. Human being exists in two dimensions: real and virtual with domination of virtual. Virtual, informational, net structures transform modern globalization process. Global nets lead to realization of human freedom as free choice of life style, which remains open. In conclusion authors stress the fact of existing of two paradigm in theory of globalization: traditional, oriented on investigation of material phenomena (historical, geopolitics, economic, social, etc. concepts) and novel oriented of analysis of immaterial phenomena (virtual, digital, hybrid, multicultural, informational, net, etc.).

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