Mineral composition and genesis of dolomite type nephrite, Kavokta deposit, Middle Vitim mountain country: vein 1 of site Prozrachny
Kavokta deposit of dolomite type nephrite is located at the Middle Vitim mountain country. The deposit area is composed of granite of the Late Paleozoic Vitimkan complex. The granite contain xenoliths of complex shape, remnants in the sagging roofs of Lower Proterozoic rocks. They are represented by metasandstone, crystalline schist, amphibolite, and dolomite marble. The deposit has 3 sites consisting of 6 nephrite-bearing zones, including nephrite lodes. The Prozrachny site in the north-west of the deposit includes nephrite-bearing zones 1 and 2. Nephrite-bearing zone 1 of sublatitudinal strike is located on the southern flank of the site and unites veins 1, 4, 9. Vein 1 is a nephrite body with tectonic contacts of complex morphology with constrictions, bulges in the area of contact between dolomite marble and epidotized amphibolite. The calcite-tremolite and epidote-tremolite skarns are wall rocks. The vein is 15 m long, O. 2-2.8 m thick, steeply dipping to the southwest at an angle of 60-70°. It’s opened to a depth of 15 m. At depth, a complex propellershaped morphology is revealed due to changes in incidence angles from 20 to 65°. 16 nephrite samples from the drill core of this vein were studied by optical and electron microscopes. Nephrite is characterized by a variety of structures and textures. 25 minerals have been identified and classified as relic, metasomatic pre-nephrite and nephrite stages, hydrothermal and secondary. The high content of F in dolomite type nephrite is explained by the wide development of fluorapatite and fluorophlogopite. The intensity of the green color of nephrite is explained by the admixture of Fe in tremolite, and the black color is explained by its transition to actinolite in the areas of contact with epidote-tremolite skarn after amphibolite. A model of nephrite formation is presented: development of diopside after dolomite CaMg(CO3)2 + 2SiO2CaMgSi2O6 + 2CO2, replacement of diopside by tremolite 2CaMgSi2O6 + MgO + 4SiO2 + H2O + O2Ca2Mg5(Si4O11)2(OH)2 or calcite-tremolite skarn 5CaMgSi2O6 + H2O + ЗСО2 + 4O2Ca2Mg5(Si4Oii)2(OH)2 + ЗСаСОз + 6SiO2, and replacement of calcite by tremolite 2СаСОз + 5MgO + 8SiO2 + H2OCa2Mg5(Si4O11)2(OH)2 + 2CO2, replacement of prismatic tremolite by entangled fibrous one. In some cases, tremolite can develop directly over dolomite 4CaMg(CO3)2 + 8SiO2 + 6MgO + 2H2O + 7O22Ca2Mg5(Si4O11)2(OH)2 + 8CO2. Another option: the formation of tremolite through the forsterite stage: 2CaMg(CO3)2 + SiO2Mg2SiO4 + 2CaCO3 + 2CO2; 5Mg2SiO4 + 4CaCO3 + 11SiO2 + 2H2O + 2O22Ca2Mg5(Si4O11)2(OH)2 + 2CO2. Tremolite is subsequently replaced by chlorite and calcite Ca2Mg5[Si4Ou]2(OH)2 + Al2O3 + 3H2O + 2CO2Mg5Al[Si3AlO10](OH)8 + 2CaCO3 + SiO2 + 4O2. Granite provide heat for metasomatism. Participation in the nephrite formation amphibolite determines the variety of nephrite colors. The role of metamorphism is reduced to tectonic fragmentation, which facilitates the penetration of fluids, and stress, which provides a nephrite tangled-fibrous cryptocrystalline texture. The author is grateful for the materials provided by JSC "Transbaikal Mining Enterprise", personally by A.P. Suzdalnitsky, D.B. Sharakshinova and E.V. Raevskaya, analysts E.A. Khromova and E.V. Khodyreva, preparation of illustrations - to V.V. Vanteev and A.V. Trofimov. The work was carried out within the framework of the topic of the research work Project № АААА-А21-121011390003-9. The study was conducted using facilities of Analytical Center «Geospectr» of GIN SB RAS, Ulan-Ude, Russia. The author declares no conflicts of interests.
Keywords
metasomatism,
metamorphism,
tremolite,
mineral composition,
nephriteAuthors
| Kislov Evgeniy V. | N.L. Dobretsov Geological Institute, SB RAS | evg-kislov@ya.ru |
Всего: 1
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