ORTHODOX-RELIGIUS FOUNDATIONS OF THE BLACK-HANDRED'S IDEOLOGY

During the First Russian revolution the Black-Hundred's organizations (such as the Union of Russian people, the Russian monarchical party, the Union of Michael Archangel and others) united millions of people to defend traditional foundations. The most important characteristic feature of the Black-Hundred was the adherence to the universal Christian tradition. In spite of plenty of programmes of extreme right organizations, all of them had single ideological basis - «Orthodoxy, autocracy, nationality». It was Russian conservative S.S.Uvarov who formed this principle in the XIX century. Uvarov's principle became the distillation of the conservative-political philosophy which included religious and national constants. In the Black-Hundred's ideology this formula got national keeping, because it displayed in mental and political spheres and reflected absolute principle of Russian being. All parts of formula could not exist without others. There is not Orthodoxy without nationality and vice versa. All element of construction focused on personality of tsar which was a personification of national spirit, its cultural and political ideals. Orthodox outlook was the distinctive feature of the Black-Hundred's doctrine. Starting from conservative concept of original evolution of Russian civilization, Black Hundreds believed that Russians would have to put a new foundation of mental enlightenment on the base of Orthodoxy. After Slavophiles they opposed high potentiality of mental convictions of Russian people to spiritual decline of the West. Extreme right emphasized that predominance in the West of material interests over spiritual would inevitably lead toward the loss of faith, social dissociation, rugged individualism and confrontation of persons. To save the world from spiritual disaster Russia should be at the head of human civilization and show the way of salvation on the basis of Orthodoxy. The accent on spiritual perfection determined the absence of programme of external expansion. Home policy problems had priority over foreign policy tasks. In that way, orthodoxy-religious foundation of the Black Hundred's ideology was the basis of extreme-right doctrine. So, Uvarov's principle was at the heart of construction of all theirs political positions.

Keywords

Authors

References