Ethnocultural policy regional authorities (on materials Chelyabinsk region in 1989-1993)

Social and political changes associated with the period of «perestroika», the collapse of the USSR and the emergence of new institutions of power in the late 1980s - early 1990s led, on the one hand, to the democratization of public life and the birth of the foundations of civil society in Russia, but on the other hand triggered a systemic crisis of collective identity. The latter is reflected in the problem of selecting a number of spiritual, social and cultural landmarks are often resolved through an appeal to the individual’s "roots" and their ethnicity, the desire to fill and enrich its content side: knowledge of the native language, national culture and history. In this regard, it is important to understand how the transition to the Russian statehood period in 1989-1993 authorities to organize work to meet the ethnic and cultural needs of the population. The urgency of the problem posed adds that this problem is particularly acute stood in multiethnic regions, as is the Chelyabinsk region. The purpose of the proposed article is to analyze the activity of regional authorities - Regional Party Committee of Chelyabinsk and the Regional Council of People’s Deputies - to address the ethnic and cultural needs of the citizens claimed time. The region with the collapse of the Soviet Union, the dismantling of the Soviet system and the formation of new governments. The regional committee of the Communist Party, and then the Regional Council in the period in 1989-1993. made a significant contribution to the formation of ethnic and cultural space in the region, These authorities have stimulated and guided self-organization processes of national cultural centers ethnic groups represented in the area (Tatars, Bashkirs, Germans, Jews, Finno-Ugric peoples, Koreans, Kazakhs and others.), contribute to the realization new principles and values in relation to the «national question». So, on the initiative of the regional committee held the first case study, aimed at regional monitoring of inter-ethnic relations and ethnic and cultural needs of the population, the regional Council to provide organizational and financial support for the preparation of national teaching staff, the publication of newspapers in the Tatar and Bashkir languages, national holidays, the opening and ongoing activities national-cultural centers, the number of which in 1992 amounted to no less than 30 As a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and the subsequent confrontation between the executive and legislative branches of government in 1993 obkom and regional Council ceased operations. To summarize, we note that the shortage of material resources and political crisis the authorities of the region managed to avoid deterioration of the situation in the sphere of inter-ethnic relations and to establish a dialogue with national-cultural centers of the region.

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