Introduction of tuition fees for higher education in the United Kingdom, 1998-2010
This article examines the reasons for the introduction of tuition fees in the system of higher education in Great Britain, starting with the Teaching and Higher Education Act of 1998 and ending with the reforms of 2010. Relevance of the work lies in the fact that education is a sensitive sector of any state, it is also a guarantee of stability in society. I have chosen the UK education system because I tend to think this is a bright example of how the government is gradually shifting from free to paid education, making this process less painful. Education was free in the UK until 1998, logically the following questions arise: what were the causes and consequences of the introduction of tuition fees in the UK system of higher education? And could the government avoid the introduction of fees for higher education? To answer these questions it is necessary to review the situation in the field of higher education on the eve of the parliamentary election in 1997; to analyze statistical data on the UK higher education (the number of students, the number of foreign students, the proportion of public funding, the amount of payment for higher education); and to analyze the essence of educational reforms in the period from 1998 to 2010. Official documents, laws, and reports were used within the framework of this article. Furthermore, the official statistics were provided by the Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) in order to analyze the situation in the UK system of higher education institutions before and after the reform in 2010. In addition, newspapers and analytical articles of leading experts were used to study various points of view on this issue. They helped to organize major events associated with the introduction of tuition fees for higher education in the UK as well. It is worth highlighting that the official website of the Ministry of Education played an important role because it includes not only statistical data but also reports, speeches and briefings. The methodology was based on the principle of comparison and principle of analyzing documents. The work given is divided into three parts. The first chapter is devoted to analysis of election campaigns of Labour and Conservative parties, the Dearing report, the Teaching and Higher Education Act of 1998, the Higher Education Act of 2004. This part tries to describe the mechanisms of the balanced system of tuition fees which take into consideration the work of grants and loans as well. Moreover, this section contains graphs that illustrate the situation in the UK before and after the crisis in higher education. The second chapter focuses on the educational reform of 2010, as well as on Browne Review «Securing a Sustainable Future for Higher Education» which explain why the coalitional government of Great Britain increased tuition fees. And the third part concerns directly the conclusions of this work and answers to formulated questions.
Keywords
higher education,
tuition fees,
the United Kingdom,
высшее образование,
плата за обучение,
ВеликобританияAuthors
| Goncharova Daria S. | Tomsk State University | daru-ya93@mail.ru |
Всего: 1
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