Problems of interaction of city government and police in 1867-1917 years (for example Tyumen)

Municipal reform in 1870 established a new municipal governments, which in turn required the transformation of structures and salaries of police teams. By order of the Tyumen City Council on April 19, 1873, the staff of the local team was 33 people. All wages of policemen the council paid monthly. As for administrative and police division Tyumen was divided into parts, headed by private police officers, parts into the sites (police stations), headed by the precinct (police) inspectors, under the overall supervision of the district police officer. Expenses on the police team were made entirely from the city resources. Rapid growth of the city demanded the strengthening of police surveillance. The relationship of municipal government and the police evolved with difficulties and conflicts, especially in the early years of adaptation. The legislator extended rights and duties of police officers on all aspects of social life, and of course did not set the main thing - the limits of power of the police. The police often encroach upon the competence of municipal authorities. Excess and unsettlement of police’s functions, the lack of clear division of powers between the police and local authorities led to frequent professional conflicts, to the creation of additional administrative barriers, to confusion and duplication of their functions. It was necessary to find an optimal balance of relationships. Most of the clashes were associated with unresolved problems of financial support of the police department. In addition, the conflicts arose because of poor police control over the implementation of Duma mandatory decrees by the people and law enforcement. It is noteworthy that the police officers, despite the criticism against them, did not remain aloof from the organization of local life, and make proposals for consideration by the City Duma. Police and municipal government managed to coexist and to find ways of interaction. City government transmitted the lists of defaulters for the collecting the debts to police officers. Bailiffs collected arrears on local taxes from dogs, horses and carriages, presented to council the tax money, collected from tavern inns. With the help of police city authorities closed the illegal markets, brought to justice the citizens for unauthorized buildings. The county police captain repeatedly made proposals to city council about organization of city life and security. With the beginning of the First World War the city government and police went to the additional responsibilities on mobilizing reserve troops, dislocating the refugees, fighting with speculation. In 1867-1917 the periods of confrontation between municipal government and police were replaced by close cooperation. The highest level of consistency has been made during the war. The search for optimal forms of interaction lasted until 1917. However it had failed.

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