Peculiarities of economic state and internal organization of peasant resettlement livestock household on the eve of 1917

Resettlement peasant households played a very important role in the process of Siberian agrarian modernization in the beginning of 20century. They were the main resource for dynamic development of Siberian village. Therefore, in Siberian study a peasant resettlement household was thoroughly researched from different angles. At the same time, such aspects as economic peculiarities, production structure, development of commodity-money relationship in resettlement households in comparison with those of old residents have not been the subject of investigation. This study is based on resettlement livestock households data from All-Russia Agricultural Census of 1916 in Tomsk Province. Program of the study includes almost all key characteristics of a peasant household: population, land-use, family and wage labor force, draught animals and dairy cattle, crops and cooperation. In this study method of correlation modeling of the structure of a peasant household was applied. Systematic and structural analysis showed that resettlement households were incorporated into the system of Russian agrarian-capitalistic market and developed under its influence. Phases of moving and settlement, forming and social and natural adaptation were included into the process of development of such households which became their main feature and caused that in terms of size, production, capital endowment and effectiveness their development was more than 1.5 times slower than the development of old resident's households. Decelerated development of production basis and incompleteness of economical and cultural adaptation predetermined lower capital-labor ratio and less marked livestock specialization of resettlement households. Undoubtedly, noted features demonstrate that resettlement households were less included into capitalist exchange relations than ones of old residents. On the other hand, resettlers had richer culture of market economy that they became familiar with in the European part of Russia. But this advantage of Stolypin's resettlements didn't give them economic superiority because of lack of capital and uncompleted social and cultural adaptation to Siberian conditions.

Keywords

Authors

References