Processes of Consolidation of the Siberian Tatars before Accession of Siberia to Russia

Process of consolidation of the Turkic population of Western Siberia has taken the considerable period of time, actually all the II millennium AD. The territory of a forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia with the population living on her to the middle of the 16th century represented, telling expressed by archaeological terminology, a historical and cultural community. In general for all region it was expressed in a certain proximity of material and spiritual culture with the local options gravitating towards valleys of the large rivers -Tobol, Ishim, Irtysh and Ob. Duration of process of rapprochement of the Turkic population has been caused by several factors. First of all, the significant role in it was played that their resettlement to Western Siberia has dragged on more than one thousand years. Also places of an exit of groups of the Turkic population which varied from the foothills of Altai to Central Asia and the Volga region had considerable value. Actually process of formation of uniform ethnos of the Siberian Tatars has begun with inclusion of a forest-steppe strip of Western Siberia in the Mongolian empire. Archaeological materials of the first half of II millennium AD at all variety of the population of a forest-steppe strip of Western Siberia give us quite steady Turkic background on all key elements of material and spiritual culture. By the time of Western Siberia joining the Moscow kingdom there is a certain unification of economy, which becomes complex - consisting of the appropriating branches - hunting, fishery and collecting and making - cattle breeding and agriculture. Formation of the Siberian khanate stimulated the following step in development of the social and economic relations between the populations of certain regions of a forest-steppe strip of Western Siberia. This state education has united the population at a certain level of development of society, the patrimonial and feudal relations - thereby it has involved all population in uniform organizational system. It has found the reflection in archaeological sites of this time - settlement and funeral complexes, life support systems etc. The Turkic population of Western Siberia under the influence of mainly political events was rather in arranging to the last third of the 16th century, but this process began to develop already in other conditions - after accession of Western Siberia to the Russian state - in the XVII-XIX centuries. The key role in it was played by the Tatar nobility and the moved Muslim population from Central Asia and the Volga region, and a decisive factor - Islamization of all Turkic population.

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