To the question of military-political cooperation between Poland and Germany against the USSR (1933-1935)

The aim of this paper is to study the Polish-German political and military cooperation against the Soviet Union during the 1933-1935 years, with the involvement of Soviet intelligence documents from the so-called "personal archive of I.V. Stalin". Among other things, special attention is paid to the adventurous nature of the methods by which Marshal J. Pilsudski made Chancellor A. Hitler to include Poland in his "Eastern plans" for conquering "living space"("Lebensraum"). Until the XVIII century Polish-German relations developed as the relations of ongoing military-political confrontation. After three partitions of Poland, Prussia, which became one of the states-separators permanently transformed the perception of the image of Germans as an enemy. Being for a long time in the three different states left an imprint on the historical fate of the Poles. During World War I Polish military units fought in the ranks of the Entente, and on the side of the Triple Alliance. After the rebirth of the Polish state in November 1918 the figure of Jozef Pilsudski came out on the first plan. He led the so-called Polish Legions as part of the Austro-Hungarian army during WWI, and he held the position as a "Head of State" until 1922. His cherished goal was to revive the Great Poland in the borders of 1772, to create a federation of satellite states and push Russia to the Urals. After the Locarno conference, which opened the way to the East for Germany, but at the same time has transformed Poland into its possible victim, Pilsudski in May 1926 made a coup and began to actually determine the foreign policy line of Poland alone. In December 1932, he decided to refocus Polish foreign policy from France to Germany. However, the new rulers of the German National Socialists did not want it. During the winter and spring of 1933, Pilsudski, bluffing threat of preventive war, forced German Chancellor Hitler to include Poland in its plans to conquer Lebensraum in the East. After the ex-head of the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs E. Sapieha made it clear to Western politicians in late August 1933 that Poland is ready to participate in the campaign to the East, German Minister Neurath and Goebbels, the propaganda minister met with the Polish Minister Beck in late September. At the meeting they agreed upon community of Polish and German interests in the East. As a result of the ensuing Polish-German secret talks January 26, 1934 the Polish-German declaration on mutual non-aggression was concluded. Later it became clear that it was hiding a secret agreement on military and political cooperation. During 1934 - spring 1935 there has been a realization of the secret military and political cooperation. On the one hand, it was in charge of the air aspect of Reich Marshal Goering, Hitler personally ordered that custody of the process of creating the so-called "air pact". On the other hand, full swing secret cooperation between the General Staff of the Polish Army led by General Fabrytsy and Reichswehr General Staff headed by General Reichenau, it personally oversaw the Marshal Pilsudski. The second direction was able to light thanks to the so-called documents of "personal archive of I.V. Stalin" - the Soviet intelligence documents.

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