On the question of media vital basics Kara-abyzskoy archaeological culture

The article is dedicated to discussion of theoretical and practical aspects of Kara-abyz culture population life sustenance research. Cultural artefacts are locally situated at the western piedmont of the Ural Mountains and dated from IV century B.C. to IV century A.D. Kara-abyz cultural artifacts have been excavated from the middle of XIX century. However, special aspects of ancient population life sustenance are underexplored. In the research authors hold to the opinion that human communities life sustenance consists of production and consumption, production may be primary and secondary. Primary production is a process of getting products through the utilization of natural environment and the developed area recourses. Secondary production is primary product processing. Life sustenance basis is primary production - natural recourse use, which to a great extent depends on natural environment. Vital capacity of society and its functioning specifics depend largely on primary production mode. As of archeological remains plant and animal remains findings and tools used in primary production testify to natural recourse use specific aspects. Study of excavated Kara-abyz fortress materials produced in 2015 and other exploreis' data generalization let characterize Kara-abyz population primary production as a complex one. The leading production branches were hunting and live stock breeding. Kara-abyz culture existence accounts for the period of significant climatic fluctuations when at the western piedmont of the Ural Mountains a cold spell was replaced by a warm one. Basic vegetation was pine and spruce forests. There were wide meadowlands at floodplains. These conditions made possible adoption farm patterns development (collecting, hunting and fishing) and live stock breeding. However they impede farming agriculture development. Inhabitants of settlements procured more than 10 kinds of wild animals. Alongside with it wild animals were hunted mainly for the sake of fur. Primarily beaver was haunted. Apart from animals birds and fish were procured. Also, population collected river mollusc shells which were crushed and added to clay for crockery production. Possibly, not less actively ancient population collected wild fruits, berries, mushrooms. Settlers held four kinds of live stock (cattle, sheep, swine, and horse) and also dogs. Animals were not moved at long distances, but held at settlements or fed not far away from them. The main object of breeding was horse. A considerable part of them (37 - 47%) were slaughtered for meat under 2 years of age.

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