To the interpretation of the Thucydides text on the reasons and occasion of the Peloponnesian war

The aim of the research is to investigate different interpretations of Thucydides message about the reasons an occasion of the Peloponnesian War. The author's point of view as to the true reason of the Peloponnesian War - fear of Lacedaimonians to amplification the Athenians, and the reasons known to both parties were indicated based on the analysis of ancient Greek historian texts translations by the Russian authors Stratanovskiy and Mishchenko, and English translator Smith. The first reason was the creation of a defensive alliance between Epidamnom and the Athenians sought not to break peace with Peloponnesians peace, that lasts thirty years and at the same time convinced of the inevitability of war with them. The second reason was the dispute between the Athenians and Peloponnesians because of the Corinthian colony Potidaea and concerns of the first that Potideyans could attract the other Athenian allies in the Thracian coast. Considering the different points of view, the author makes a clear conclusion that Thucydides first described the causes and feuds, due to which the world had been broken and only then verily occasion, which on the words was the most hidden and consisting in the fact that the Athenians began to instill fear for Lacedaemonians and the rest of the Peloponne-sians by their amplification, and that forced them to start a war. The author once again clearly carries the idea according to which the fear of Lace-daimonians, who feared the power of the Athenians further strengthening is the occasion, witch as stressed by Thucydides, was doubtless hidden. This conclusion he made by of reasoning about utilization by Thucydide the term "occasion" and analyzing the various translators interpretations, witch inadequate substituting it by the concept of reason. In conclusion of the article, the author with the philosophy positions reveals the uniqueness of the relationship the concepts of "reason" and "occasion" in the texts by Thucydides, who lived in the heyday of ancient Greek philosophy, during the development of the older sophistry: occasion - is the essence, and the reason - is the phenomenon that is always the essence is revealed through reason. This establishes a parallel between the ancient Greek philosophical interpretation of the occasion and the reasons of both essence and phenomena by Thucydides and the of Kant's philosophy theory of knowledge as a comprehension of things.

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