Problems of fuel and energy cooperation between Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan in the Eurasian space

Kyrgyz-Kazakh fuel and energy relations are important components of the bilateral cooperation format. There are conditions and some problems of cooperation before and after the framework of the ЕАЕU which could be particular interest to the readers. The aim of the article is to determine how the relations between the republics are developing in the fuel and energy sector. To achieve this aim, tasks are set to identify the main problems of cooperation between countries before the formation of the ЕАЕ^ as well as in the process of the multilateral interstate project. The article uses the system-historical approach, the cause-effect method of analysis. The data obtained are based on agreements, on printed and electronic sources of information of the international news agency Kazinform, the Kyrgyz Telegraph Agency KyrTAG, the centralized database of legal information of the Kyrgyz Republic, on scientific publications of Russian, Kazakh and Kyrgyz authors, representatives of civil society in Kyrgyzstan. Particular attention is paid to the history and state of partnership in the fuel and energy complex, which is why coal, oil and gas and hydropower cooperation are being considered. Qualitative changes in bilateral cooperation to the ЕАЕU and in the process of its operation are indicated, indicating the main problems. The underdeveloped coal industry of Kyrgyzstan is noted - the main reason for which Kyrgyzstan is forced to purchase solid fuel in Kazakhstan. At present, Kyrgyzstan, taking into account the formation of good-neighborly relations with Kazakhstan, considering the partnership in the ЕАЕU is not able to import oil and gas products from the neighboring republic. In fact, the gas supplies to Kyrgyzstan before the appearance of the Russian company Gazprom from Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, took a significant share in the economic cooperation of the Central Asian states. Hydropower cooperation of the republics also indicates the difficulties of cooperation in the sector. Thus, in order to solve the problems of integrated balanced rational use of the richest water resources of the Kyrgyz Republic, it is necessary to constantly support the coordinated regime of interstate water distribution on the basis of mutually beneficial cooperation of the Central Asian states within the framework of the developing water market in this region. As a result, it is noted that after Kyrgyzstan's accession to the ЕЛЕС, there have been no significant shifts in fuel and energy cooperation with Kazakhstan. The ЕАЕU acts as a legal platform that can promote resuscitation of cooperation of the republics in the fuel and energy sector, in case of painful changes. The ЕАЕU is a format that allows to preserve and apply the established traditional logistics of cooperation between Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, which changed every year not in favor of integration, due to the constant change in international relations taking into account national interests.

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