The descendants of the poles on the Tomsk land

History of the appearance and life of the Poles and their descendants in the Tomsk land in the XVII-XX centuries is considered on the basis of published written data, archaeological research and field ethnographic collections, and that is the article's purpos e. Foreign immigrants or "external foreigners" were carriers and translators of Western ideas that penetrated into Russia during the Europeanization of the country. Immigrants from the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth prevailed stable and traditionally in the migration flow; they were not only ethnic Poles, but also those who professed the Catholic faith, were called Poles. In Siberia, Poles also prevailed among the "foreigners", most of whom fell into the military service class. History has kept the names of Peter Sabansky, Yury Tupalsky, Yury Trapezunsky, Peter Zhukovsky, Yury Sobolevsky, Ostafiy Svarovsky, etc. Among those Poles who in the XVII century contributed to the development of the Tomsk land. "Foreigners" participating in the development of the region often became full -fledged local residents in the second generation, finding not only a new place of service, but also a new homeland. The ethnographic study showed that a relatively small group of Poles lived in the Tomsk region, but in many suburban Tomsk villages the Poles descendants were much more numerous. The ancestors of the Poles, who came to Siberia at different times, most often lived together with immigrants of other nationalities that are Ukrainians, Belarusians, and Russians and partially mixed with the surrounding population. However, they often kept the memory of their ancestors, self-consciousness, sometimes a symbolic one, with the loss of language and everyday cultural features. There were also villages where Poles mostly lived, such as the Polish villages of Malinovka, Grodnenku, Prutkovka, Dvukhrechie, the farmsteads of Lesotovskie, Munitskie, Kislitskie, Mankevichevy, Kotelovskie. There was even a Roman Catholic house of worship in the village of Dvukhrechie. The settlements founded by Poles in the Low Tom river area include the villages of Andreevka and Lomovitskiy of the Semilugenskie volost, villages of Vladimirskoe, Kuzovlevo and Sukhorechie. Unfortunately most of these villages have now disappeared. However, the descendants of Poles live in other, larger villages and in the city of Tomsk. The National-Cultural Autonomy of the Poles "Tomsk Polonia" and the Center of Polish Culture "Polish House" are actively working in Tomsk now. This undoubtedly, helps to preserve the ethnic identity and self-consciousness of the Poles. At the same time, the Polish immigrants who have voluntarily and involuntarily got on the Tomsk land, and their descendants over time found acquired another identity, that is a regional one - "Tomskians" (natives of Tomsk).

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