Oil and gas factor: plans of the State planning committee of the early 1960s and the initiatives of “tyumenians” (to the 55th anniversary of oil production in the Tyumen region and the 45th anniversary of its leading position in the country)

The article is devoted to the 55th anniversary of oil production in the Tyumen region, the 45th anniversary of its leading position in oil production in the country. The purpose of the article is to show the historical background of the conditionality of the decision of the country's leadership to start the creation of a new oil-producing area. The article was written on the basis of the documents of the Russian State Archive of Economics, the funds of the USSR State Planning Committee and the COMECON (Council of Mutual Economic Assistance), from which a few years ago was removed the status of secrecy. Types of the studied documents are: letters, addresses, instructions, reports, memos, action plans, references, minutes of meetings, extracts from protocols, draft resolutions. All documents were for the first time introduced into scientific circulation. In the article, in accordance with the logic of the studied documents, much attention was paid to the foreign policy factor in the search for opportunities to increase oil production in the country. It reveals the difficult situation with the provision of fuel resources in the countries of the socialist bloc of Eastern Europe, the growth of internal contradictions between the countries in connection with the supply of coal from Poland, and the decision of the USSR in this situation to start exporting oil. In 1958 it was decided to start the construction of the export pipeline “Druzhba” and the export of crude oil began. The situation was complicated also by the requests of Cuba on the supply of oil. The resource base for hydrocarbon exports from the USSR at the beginning of the 1960s was insufficient. The planned commissioning of the main sections of the pipeline under construction in 1963 required decisions to increase oil production. Under these conditions, in the spring of 1963 a counter-process began to develop which was followed by an appeal of representatives of the Tyumen regional elite - the first Secretary of the Tyumen Industrial Regional Party Committee A.K. Protozanov, Chairman of the Tyumen Regional Executive Committee I. Shulyakov, Head of the Chief of Department of Geology Yu. Ervye in the highest governing bodies of the country. The main addressees were to the Chairman of the All-Union Council of National Economy of the USSR, the first Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR D.F. Ustinov, who was sent a proposal for a large-scale program of oil and gas development of the region, and the Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the USSR D.F. Lomako, who received a “private proposal”. D.F. Ustinov, as well as D.F. Lomako began to strongly promote the initiative of “Tyumenians”. The author comes to the conclusion that the offer of “Tyumen” appeared in the conditions of the country's search for ways to increase oil production in the country, which was largely due to the satisfaction of export needs. The figure of D.F. Ustinov stands particularly bright for the newly identified documents during the initial period of the establishment of a new mining district. The documents confirmed the great creative role of the First Secretary of the Tyumen Industrial Regional Party Committee A. Protozanov in this process.

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