The establishment of Astana city -the capital of contemporary Kazakhstan

The last decade of the XX century in history of Kazakhstan was marked by the establishment of state building of new style - the Republic of Kazakhstan. The main symbol of achievements of independent Kazakhstan became a new capital - Astana. The President of the Republic of Kazakhstan N.A. Nazarbayev, the initiator of the capital transfer process, characterized the process of creation of Astana city - as a creation of new text of national history. So, a new vector of actual historical researches for professional Kazakhstan's scientist-historians was determined. In the framework of this publication the following task was set - to systematically summarize and analyze the key stages of modern history of Kazakhstan’s capital. In this context, the idea of transferring and building a new capital proposed by the Head of State, the main stages of its implementation in practice require the comprehensive and complex research. At the same time, the history of new capital construction, not only becomes an object of the special research, but demands a detailed study. The relevance of the research is associated with the authors’ attempt to make a contribution in the study of the world experience in the transfer of capitals. The leading approach of scientific research is the principle of historicism, which allowed the authors to demonstrate the historical continuity of events and find out the keys stages of Kazakhstan’s capitals evolution. The study of dynamics of historical development took place in the context of implementation of scientific direction about migration of capitals in the XX century. The actual issues of transfer and building of the new Kazakhstan’s capital are considered through the prism of a continuous historical process. As the result of comparative historical analysis it was concluded, that transfers of capitals was an important part of state building, both in the Soviet period and in the context of the globalization of the modern Kazakhstan’s history. The consistency and sequence of the process of transfer and construction of the capital city is manifested in overcoming difficulties, arising in the course of its implementation. The complexities of the process of creation of capital infrastructure were shownon the basis of introduction of new archival documents into the scientific circulation. Analysis and systematization of the used data made it possible to identify key stages in the history of Astana city establishment, as the capital of Kazakhstan. The scientific novelty of the publication is connected with the conceptualization of the cardinal changes that took place in the new capital throughout the construction period. The visible social effect of the research work was the filling of the gaps and unknown pages in the history of the creation of Astana, as an integral part of modern history of Kazakhstan.

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