Comparative analysis of the grain production in European part of the Russian empire and Kuzbass region in the period of the end of XIX -the beginnings of the XX centuries based on information materials of grain statistics

Research objective - identification of problems and features of grain production in the Kuznetsk region (Kuzbass) in comparison with the European provinces of the Russian Empire during the period of the end of XIX - the beginning of the 20th centuries. By the term «Kuzbass» we mean the term «Kuznetsk Region» - the space of the modern Kemerovo region which for the considered time included the most parts of territories of the Kuznetsk and Mariinsky counties and also the southern outskirts of the Tomsk county of the Tomsk province. Under the term «Russia» we mean 50 provinces of the European part of the Russian Empire. The grain statistics of the Ministry of Internal Affairs collected by police and districts boards, processed by provincial statistical committee and bodies of provincial management and published in Supplements to imperial reports of the Tomsk governor was the main sources of information on the Kuznetsk region. Processing of the statistical data which are contained in «Sheets about crops and a harvest of bread» led us to drawing up tables on the 10-anniversaries of 1883-1892 / 1893-1902 / 1903-1912 years. In this case we adhered to methodology of the authoritative expert in the agrarian history of Russia of the academician of RAS L.V. Milov (1929-2007) who recommended to carry out studying of domestic agriculture of the XVIII - XIX centuries on the 10-year periods. As a result of the conducted research it was succeeded to establish the following. First, it was established that in Kuzbass the cyclic repeatability of poor harvest years making so destructive impact on agricultural producers of the southern and southeast provinces of the European Russia was not observed. Problems of impoverishment of broad masses of country people owing to periodically happening poor harvests years, thus, in the considered time did not become relevant for inhabitants of the Kuznetsk region yet. At the same time with inclusion of the territory of Kuzbass in all-imperial space owing to carrying out the Trans-Siberian Railway, negative trends got here that was expressed in «the first Kuzbass famine of 1900/01 years». Secondly, it was succeeded to establish that if cyclic fluctuations of grain yields of cultures in Kuzbass were a little less expressed, than in Russia, then the level of productivity was approximately identical (near sam-5). At last, the research showed one of the general trends characteristic both for the Kuznetsk region, and for the country in general which consisted in reduction of crops, and, respectively, gross collecting a rye, and, on the contrary, increase in crops and gathering wheat and potatoes, and in Kuzbass it was shown more distinctly.

Keywords

Authors

References