Yakov Blumkin in Mongolia

The purpose of article is to uncover the place and role of Russian revolutionists of Jewish descent in the victory of Mongolian revolution of 1921, as well as in the formation of security apparatus of the Mongolian People's Republic - the State Internal guard (SIS) of the MPR. Used sources can be divided into six groups: documents from the archives of security services that we have already introduced into scientific use; documents of the Comintern; the work by a Mongolian researcher in history of security services of Mongolia; memoirs of famous Soviet Chekist P. Sudoplatov; researches of Russian scientists in Mongolian studies; popular scientific literature. The analysis of the sources have revealed “Jewish trace” in the Mongolian revolution of 1921. Modern Mongolian studies highlights the issue of Mongolian revolution considering it as one of the links of the revolutions in the beginning of XX c. such as the Russian revolution of 1905-1907, the Xinhai revolution 1911-1912, October revolution of 1917, Mongolian revolution of 1921. Moreover, the special attention is paid to transnational history of the Mongolian world. In this regard, it is uncontro-versial that the Buryat nation takes place and role in national-state building of Mongolia. Along with that, other ethnic groups, including the Jews, played significant role in Mongolian revolution and establishment of modern Mongolian state. Particularly, B.Z. Shumyatskiy is known as ideologist of the Mongolian People's revolution. He was the Chairman of the Cetrosibir, the head of Siberian Bolshevist underground during the Civil war, one of the former and leader of the Far Eastern Republic. Also, the Russian revolutionists of the Jewish descent were pioneers of security services of the MPR. The former of foreign department in the Cheka A.M. Trilisser controlled the situation durimg and after the revolution in Mongolia. One of the formers and activists of the Cheka S.M. Spigelglas had stayed in Mongolia during three years since 1922. He had taken a lot of effort to form and manage the security services of the MPR, as well as for identification and disposal of foreign agents and inner counterrevolution. Finally, a well-known terrorist, adventurer and revolutionist Ya.G. Blyumkin made many actions for establishment of the system of security services in Mongolia, for creation of agent system in Inner Mongolia, northern part of China and Tibet. Therefore, it is no coincidence that he participated in revolutionary actions in Russia, Iran and China. In addition, his activities as Chief Instructor of State internal security are still of special interest among the researchers in history of security services. The authors concluded that: The Mongolian revolution of 1921 is a clear example of transnational history of the Mongolian world; “Jewish trace” is clearly traced as representation of real internationalism is visible in history of Mongolian revolution; Jewish people have played a significant role in the process of national-state building in the first ten years of the Mongolian People's Republic; Ya.G. Blyumkin has taken a certain place in the formation of security services.

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