Comparative characteristics of aviation sights of the RKKA and Luftwaffe in the Great Patriotic war

The article examines the aviation sights of various types of the Workers and Peasants Red Army and the German army, used in hostilities during the Great Patriotic War. Comparison of technical characteristics of air sights is given. The practical significance of the revealed advantages and disadvantages of sights in combat conditions is given. Changes in the tactical and technical characteristics of sights are analyzed. The purpose of this work is a detailed coverage of the history of the evolution of optical instruments for observing combat aircraft of the Red Army. A wide range of sources and literature was used as research materials, namely scientific and technical manuals and textbooks covering the tactical and technical characteristics of observation devices. Military literature describing the pages of the feat of the Soviet people. Electronic resources that supplement the circumstances of the events that took place and give a more detailed picture of the interaction between humans and optical devices during hostilities. Speaking about the research methodology, this article is based on the comparative historical method. The work consistently analyzes the history of the creation of optical observation and sighting devices on various aircraft. Putting the first experimental samples into service, as well as their use during hostilities. On specific historical examples, the work demonstrates the importance and necessity of the development of technologies in the field of optics. The article concludes that since the creation of the sights, engineers have gradually increased the importance of optical observation devices through the introduction and modernization of technologies that ensured the increasing efficiency and survivability of combat units. Optical devices have become an obligatory part of the equipment of all combat aircraft. Indeed, thanks to them, the pilots in the Red Army were able to quickly destroy the enemy, monitor him and adjust fire. There is an opinion, even among historians, about the superiority of the military equipment and aviation of the Wehrmacht over the forces of the Soviet Union. However, this statement turned out to be not entirely true in relation to aviation and, in particular, the aviation sights of the Soviet army. Comparison of the characteristics of the sights available for analysis showed that the sights of the Soviet aviation were not only not inferior, but even superior to the Luftwaffe air sights.

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