Anthropological characteristics of the tobol-irtysh tatars based on discrete-varying traits of the infracranial skeleton

The Tobol-Irtysh Tatars have been studied in detail in physical anthropology. Considering the anthropological variant of the Tobol-Irtysh Tatars, A.N. Bagashev emphasizes the complexity of their anthropological ancestry. Ayalyn and Tyumen Tatars are close to South Siberian and Central Asia groups, Tobol Tatars are similar to Caucasoid populations, and Kourdak Tatars are close to Ugrian ones. Odontological characteristics of the West Siberian Tatars was given by N.I. Khaldeeva, who marked the accessory of Tobol-Irtysh Tatars to mixed populations with a noticeable «western shift». S.V. Efimova was studied the morphology of the dental system of Siberian Tatars in more detail, and noted the proximity of the Tobol-Irtysh Tatars to the Baraba groups. According to dermatoglyphics data, the Tobol-Irtysh Tatars belong to the groups of Siberian Mongoloid populations with a visible European admixture and are close to the carriers of the Ural and South Siberian variants. This work was aimed at the study of discrete-varying traits of the infracranial skeleton of the Tobol-Irtysh Tatars, which could complement the current information on the anthropology of the West Siberian populations. The material for this study was four series of Tobol-Irtysh Tatars (Ayalyn, Tyumen, Sargat, Tobol groups), stored in the Anthropology Room of Tomsk State University, with a total number of 185 individuals. The program and methodology for the study of the infracranial skeleton traits was developed by the author and is used in this work. Only 16 traits of long bones of the skeleton were used for data analysis. At first, a comparison was made between males and females of a generalized sample of Tobol-Irtysh Tatars. Sex differences were found only in one trait - supratrochlear foramen of the humerus, which is more common in females. Exostosis of the trochanter fossa can be considered as age-dependent trait, due to statistically significant differences were found between young and elderly individuals. The same can be said about the hypotrochanteric fossa of the femur. A feature of the age-related variability of traits in the study groups was the occurrence of the plaque of the femur, which was more often notes in adults and elderly individuals. Further, a series of multidimensional analyses were carried out, which allowed to confirm the previously existing statement about the intermediate position of the Tobol-Irtysh Tatars between the "Western" and "Eastern" populations of Northern Eurasia, as well as the proximity of the groups to each other. In addition, it was possible to detect the proximity of the Tatars of Siberia and the Volga populations, as well as to identify some aspects of the origin of local groups.

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