Problems of the development of the fishing industry in the North of Western Siberia in the post-war period 1945-1950s (Using the example of the Khanty-Mansi National District)

In the traditional historical field, it is believed that the territory of the Khanty-Mansi National District remained on the periphery of the country's economic development during the period after The Great Patriotic War and until the discovery of the region's oil and gas resources. The industries that existed here, such as fishing and forestry, did not have serious economic potential. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to identify the features of the development of the fishing industry in the region in the first post-war years and study the causes of the crisis in this industry. The source base of the study was archival funds stored in the State Archive of Ugra and devoted to the economic aspects of the life of the district. Materials of the Northern design and survey expedition of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Main Directorate of the Northern Sea Route deserve special attention. The use of these materials made it possible to reconstruct how the district was seen in the country's general economic economy and what problems it had. The events of The Great Patriotic War had a serious impact on the development of the fishing industry of the Khanty-Mansi National District. The industry faced an important task to provide fish products to the country. In addition, the evacuation to Surgut in 1942 of the Odessa fish canning factory stimulated the development of the region's fishing industry. The number of fish factories increased catch volumes reached record levels by 1944. However, with the end of the war, the industry begins to enter a period of crisis, primarily caused by the extensive pace of exploitation of fish resources. In this regard, a number of key problems can be identified. Firstly, this is a serious personnel shortage. The shortage of professional fishermen and technologists made it difficult for enterprises to function. The second problem was the low level of material and technical condition of the industry. Equipment deterioration, lack of tanks for fish storage and processing, logistics difficulties reduced the efficiency of fishing, leading to spoilage of raw materials. The third problem can be considered the poor organization of fishing on the ground. It was not uncommon for the same body of water to be rounded up by different crews, leading to depletion of its fishing capabilities. In the fishing areas there were no normal conditions for its conduct. In conclusion, it can be noted that the problems discussed in the fishing industry in the post-war years were characteristic of the entire industry as a whole. Similar processes were observed on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. However, certain specificity in the case of the Khanty-Mansi National District was imposed by special natural and climatic conditions. The measures taken by the state to bring the industry out of the crisis, in some cases led to interregional and internal economic conflicts. The author declares no conflicts of interests.

Keywords

Authors

References