Seliyarovskaya volost on the Middle Ob in the ethno-spatial dimension (XVII-XX centuries)

The aim of this article is to reconstruct the history of settlement in rural areas of the Middle Ob region in the XVII - XX century in the ethnic aspect using the example of Seliyarovo village and its' district. In this regard, the ethnic composition and the place of newcomers’ migration has been studied. The attention was paid to the processes of ethnocultural interaction of the newcomer and the indigenous population. There was an attempt to link changes in the ethnic component of the population and changes in the localization over a distance (landscape). An important source in the study of ethnic history were the published and unpublished records of local state institutions of the XVII - XX centuries, and the metric books of the Seliyarovskoi Uspenskoy Church as well. The ethnic population composition at the end of the XX century was studied in the the author's field research. Cartographic materials of the XIX - XX century were involved in the study of the settlements’ localization. Close to the Russian colonization of Northwestern Siberia, the area that later became part of the Seliyarovsky volost was a part of the so-called Belogorsky han which was a kind of confederation consisted of small Ostyak hans. The Seliyar han was ruled from the Seliyar town by knyaz Atir, and then by his son, Nekoma. After the founding of the Surgut prison (1594), Seliyarovskaya volost, among other Ostyak “towns and volosts”, became a part of the Surgut district. The first newcomers to the Seliyarovsky volost were the coachmen of the Samarovsky post coach station, who founded a number of settlements here at the end of the XVII century. As time went on, Seliyarovo village turned into a significant economic center of the Middle Ob region. A large area, which included both Russian villages and foreign yurts, came towards it. This became possible because of several waves of migrations: from the Russian North (XVII - XVIII centuries), intra-Siberian migrations (XIX - first third of XX centuries) and forced relocations (dispossession, evacuation, deportation). The indigenous population of the region was mostly assimilated and incorporated by migrants. The ethnocultural interaction of the newcomers and the indigenous population was facilitated by the fact that most of the migrants from the Russian North were Russian-speaking representatives of the Finno-Ugric peoples (Komi-Zyryans, Komi-Permians, Veps). Also, these migrants considered themselves as Russians in the second or third generation. Russians in the XIX - XX centuries were the ethnic majority of the rural population of the Middle Ob region. The Russians introduced a productive economy and a sedentism as a result. The spatial localization of settlements inherited from taiga fishermen and hunters wasn't fit for the needs of the fishing and producing economy anymore. As a result, settlements were moved to other places or even abolished. The author declares no conflicts of interests.

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