Meteorological observations in Tomsk province in 1900

The end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century was the time of great trials for the weather phenomena of Western Siberia and, in particular, the Tomsk province. The drought of 1900-1901 in Tomsk province led to crop failures. Malnutrition has become a common cause of socio-economic tension in the West Siberian region. Tomsk province suffered from drought more significantly than other regions of Western Siberia. All this subsequently led to the agricultural census of 1901 in Tomsk province. Information from meteorological stations and volunteer correspondents of Tomsk province served as one of the justifications for starting a census company. The purpose of this work is to show the influence of meteorological data on the agricultural census of 1901 in Tomsk province. The objectives of the study are to show the history of the creation of meteorological observations in Tomsk province, to study the work and data of meteorological stations and volunteer correspondents of Tomsk province for 1900. The study is based on published historical sources, and that allows us to get an idea of the meteorological history of the West Siberian region and Tomsk Province, in particular. The historical research is based on the work of the Main Geophysical Observatory of the Russian Empire, the Nikolaev Main Geophysical Observatory, and the Statistical Department at the Main Directorate of the Altai District. The article analyzes the data of 23 meteorological stations of Tomsk province for 1900 according to the main meteorological indicators, relative humidity, maximum temperature, maximum precipitation, and the number of days with precipitation. Attention is paid to the information of volunteer correspondents of the Altai region for 1900. Based on the studied material, it is concluded that the history of meteorological observations in Tomsk province has a long historical tradition. Observations by meteorological stations and volunteer correspondents reflected the development of drought in the West Siberian region in the early twentieth century, which became one of the justifications for the agricultural census of 1901 in Tomsk province. The author declares no conflicts of interests.

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