The Azov-Chernomorsky Territory by the mid 1930-s: features and problems of industrial development

The purpose of the article is to consider the state of the Azov-Chernomorsky Territory industry since its foundation in 1934, the ratio of the industrial sectors of the Kuban and Don, which were the parts of the region, as well as their production tasks and problems. The sources of the study were the materials of the State Archives of the Krasnodar Territory and the Rostov Region, the materials of statistical collections, analytical works of the author concerning the period under study, the collections of party and state documents, and the works of contemporary authors on this topic. They showed the features of the Don and Kuban region industry, the differences in their production orientation and potential, due to the presence of a local raw material base and the degree of its development. In this regard, it is stated that industry, including heavy industry and agriculture, was more developed in the Don regions. There was also a coal industry with its development prospects. In Kuban, the state of the oil industry was mainly determined by the production capacity growth of oil refineries. The coal and oil industry of the Azov-Black Sea Territory was the most important segment of its economy. They emphasized their importance for the development of the fuel and energy complex as a whole. The conclusion is made about the close relationship between industry and agriculture of the region, which determined the prospects for its development. If the largest plant in Rostov-on-Don, "Rostselmash", produced agricultural machinery for the region and the country, then most of the Kuban enterprises were focused on processing agricultural products. There were several well-known factories related to heavy industry in the Kuban: the factory named after Sedin, "Armalit" and others. The Kuban was also distinguished by the presence of the sea coast, where a resort area began to be built during this period, which also contributed to the rise of the regional socio-economic status. The problems of the industrial sector of the region are shown, associated with the shortcomings in the material and raw material supply of factories, with the discipline in production and organization of labor, which negatively affected the implementation of production plans. The factors of industrial growth, labor productivity increase, the introduction of new equipment, and new methods of work in production are also analyzed. The author also draws a conclusion about the uneven distribution of industrial enterprises on the territory of the region, about the relative scarcity of large factories. At the same time, they noted the importance of the mining, processing, light, food, and heavy industries of the region for the country's economy during the studied period. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.

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