Women and political participation: a retrospective view of the problem
The purpose of the article is to analyze the problems of women's participation in the political life of the state. The main attention is paid to issues related to the reasons for the exclusion of women from this sphere. It also analyzes the factors that caused the processes of evolution of the role and place of women on the ladder of socio-political relations, as well as changes in the status of women that influenced the course of human history. Methodologically, the article is based on the theoretical developments of foreign researchers. This problem is reflected in the studies of G. Bock, L. Edwards, S. Greenblatt, L. Lange, A. Styrkarsdottir, A. Towns, etc. Scientists and publicists of the past - C. Campbell, S. Lewis, E. Man, S. Young, etc. - made a significant contribution to the development of the problems of women's participation in politics. The position of women in politics has not always been the same. Different epochs, different socio-cultural environment influenced the process of women's participation in politics. The 19th century seems to be interesting, when there is a displacement of women from the political sphere. The question arises: why did this happen? It would seem that the development of democracy, the spread of suffrage and representative government should have contributed to the improvement of the position of women in politics, but we are witnessing the opposite process. The displacement of women from politics can be explained by civilizational development. The problem of regulating the relations of three principles - women, the state and civilization - was actualized. In this triad, a woman begins to be viewed as an ontologically separate category, as a weak, conservative being. Women are assigned the role of the guardian of the house, family, religion, etc. Her main duty is the birth of children. The idea was imposed on society that a woman should give up power over her body for the public good. Exclusion from politics was considered a blessing for a woman, there was an opinion that she had the right not to participate in politics. Thus, at the turn of the century, European civilization successfully ousted women from the political sphere. A norm has emerged: civilized states should not cede political power to women. The rationale supporting this rule was twofold. On the one hand, it was believed that the liberation of women from participation in politics indicates an improvement in her position, and on the other hand, that the maintenance and development of certain spheres of public life ensures further progress, while each sex devotes its energy to the corresponding tasks. The author declares no conflicts of interests.
Keywords
woman,
state,
politics,
political participationAuthors
| Kerimov Alexander A. | Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia Boris Yeltsin | kerimov68@mail.ru |
Всего: 1
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