CULTURAL LIFE OF VORONEZH IN THE FIRST FIVE-YEARS PERIODS

The problems and contradictions of a Voronezh city cultural life in the first five-years periods are reflected in the article. The determinative value of propaganda factors of culture and life development is shown. The system of party education has been created for distribution of new ideological norms among the members of communist party, the wide circulation of a correspondence mode of study was characteristic, however there was widespread a conventional attitude to party teaching. In the 1930th the active antireligious propagation was conducted. The important role belonged to local council of the Union of militant atheists. The party organizations used the regional, regional and large-circulation newspapers actively in organizing and educational work, tried to use films widely and systematically for industrial propagation. Cinema penetration in a countryside and working settlements became the basic direction of a film network development. The role of Voronezh as scientific and cultural centre черноземного region of Russia is opened in the article. In the days of the first five-years periods the transition to general seven-year education has begun. The higher and average vocational education developed in fast rates. The scientists activity of area was rather fruitful. 11 scientific research institutes functioned in Voronezh and its vicinities. The cultural and educational work was successfully developed, professional and amateur art blossomed in Voronezh. The theatres attendance has increased in four times in days of the first five-years periods. Palaces of pioneers, pioneer camp, theatres, clubs, libraries and museums were opened. The changes of city shape which have occurred in industrialization of the country are noted. The new buildings, new architectural decisions were required for a new way of life. City borders has extended. The city centre has absolutely changed. Its reorganization spent to XVIII century «under the regular plan» was enough successful, therefore the Soviet architects have found expedient to take this former lay-out for a basis.

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