Problems of development of the Chuisky path in 60-90th of the XIX century

Thebuilding of roads in Gorny Altai during the XIX century faced considerable difficulties. Natural obstacles - forests, hilly territories, marshinessof considerable territory, etc. more than that during the investigated period Gorny Altai was a region with absolutely not mastered territory.On considered territory, during the investigated period there were no roads at all. The Chuisky path was the basic transport artery instudied territory on which the main cargo transportation was carried out. The path connected the center of Biysk district to Gorny Altai,reached the Mongolian border and served as the reliable guarantor of development of trade, both in region, and behind its limits.In spite of the fact that the Chuisky path was the almost impassable pack track accessible only for horses and camels, the advanced peopleof that time understood very quickly its benefit for realization of trading operations with Gorny Altai, Mongolia, and then with China.But in this condition the track was inconvenient. Its reconstruction could influence the interests of a wide range of people, first of all, dealersfrom Biisk. Along with merchants, the Russian industrialists exporting production in the given direction were also interested in the reconstructionof the road. More than that, it was favorable also for those, who received this production. In other words, the question of "arrangement"of the Chuisky path gradually outgrew from a question of local value into a nation-wide problem.The very first inspections of the Chuisky path had been undertaken in 1868 by the official of special commissions of the Ministry of FinanceA. Yatsevic and in 1869 by Biisk commander E. Zamyatin.For the purpose of inspection a design engineer Klobukov was sent to Gorny Altai in 1877. In 1884 the Ministry of Finance sent their employee- Shishmanov to Mountain Altai. Where he made a conclusion that a path is extremely inconvenient for using and isn't deprived risk. To bemore confident, it was decided to ask an engineer A.M. Breshchinsky to survey a path for the purpose of drawing up the real estimate of the expensesnecessary for arrangement of the road. A.M. Breshchinsky and technician A.I.Alexandrov carried out the task and proved that the reconstruction ofthe road wouldn't demand considerable powder or dynamite works. And these researches remained not realized.Thus, in 60-90th of the XIX century the Chuisky path represented the road poorly adapted for movement. Arrangement and the qualitativemaintenance depended on many reasons: level of attention of power structures paid to this question, character and volume of allocatedmoney resources on its building. During the investigated period there were some shifts in this direction. Rules of the maintenance of dirtroads, ways o were introduced, allocation of money resources on improvement of their condition and possible building were also defined.Nevertheless, the movement on a path continued to remain far not safe.

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