Mobilization way of Russian civilization development

The paper defines the system componentsof a mobilization way of Russian civilization development based on the facts and judgement about the conditions of its formation,conflicts, signs and tools of realization revealed in home historiography. The conditions that promoted the formation and stability during themobilization way of development are as follows: the presence of non-assimilated areas and natural resources; the low density of populationper area unit; unfavourable natural - geographical conditions for effective farming; a permanent deficit of total surplus product; long drawn -out confrontation between western and Russian civilizations. The main contradictions have been found whose solving gave tendency to savesocial persons by the state encouragement of collective principles in public significant spheres of activity where both the centralized controlof resources and social tension during the war periods take place and the great economic projects are carried out. The basic components ofmobilization way of development are separated. They are: an extensive type of economy (non - market mechanisms are of essential significance),a compensational system (providing a stability of vital activity of the society when external factors influence aggressively and presentinga technology of its overtuning in accordance with extraordinary challenges) and a supreme power as an active regulator of all socialprocesses.All the components of a compensational system have been found including the state body activity directed towards providing absoluteindices growth as a basic of measuring its effectiveness; organizing active outside political expansion and encouraging the population ofnon - assimilated areas. The typical methods of governing on the side of authority hierarchy were: concentration and re - distribution of anytypes of resources; borrowing social innovations and technological achievements of western civilization; methods of extra - economic stimulationof labour activities of different sections of the population; creating «alternative» structures duplicating authority functions; convertingmobilization development from an unstable mode of governing to the stable one and vice versa. In Russia in the conditions of interaction ofthe extraordinary factors different in character and duration of effect after social supertension a compensational system provided the comingof relatively quiet periods of life when a society restored its power supply sources and at the same time the sources of the future instabilityripened inside it.

Keywords

Authors

References